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((short description|Theoretical weapon using antimatter))
((More citations needed|date=August 2020))
((Antimatter))
((Weapons of mass destruction))
An '''antimatter weapon''' is a theoretically possible device using [[antimatter]] as a power source, a [[propellant]], or an explosive for a [[weapon]]. Antimatter weapons are currently too costly and unreliable to be viable in warfare, as producing antimatter is enormously expensive (estimated at $6 billion for every 100 nanograms), the quantities of antimatter generated are very small, and current technology has great difficulty containing antimatter, which annihilates upon touching ordinary matter.<ref name="sfgate.com">((cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Air-Force-pursuing-antimatter-weapons-Program-2689674.php|title=Air Force pursuing antimatter weapons / Program was touted publicly, then came official gag order|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|date=4 October 2004|access-date=17 January 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229183617/http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Air-Force-pursuing-antimatter-weapons-Program-2689674.php|archive-date=29 December 2014))</ref>

The paramount advantage of such a theoretical weapon is that antimatter and matter collisions result in the entire sum of their [[mass energy equivalence|mass energy equivalent]] being released as energy, which is at least two orders of magnitude greater than the energy release of the most efficient [[Thermonuclear weapon|fusion weapons]] (100% vs 0.4-1%).<ref>((cite news|access-date=2020-03-05|title=Fusion Fuel|url=http://www.projectrho.com/public_html/rocket/fusionfuel.php|website=atomic rockets))</ref> [[Annihilation]] requires and converts exactly equal masses of antimatter and matter by the collision which releases the entire mass-energy of both, which for 1 gram is ~9×10<sup>13</sup> joules. Using the convention that 1 kiloton [[TNT equivalent]] = 4.184×10<sup>12</sup> joules (or one trillion calories of energy), one half gram of antimatter reacting with one half gram of ordinary matter (one gram total) results in 21.5 kilotons-equivalent of energy (the same as the [[Fat Man|atomic bomb]] dropped on [[Nagasaki]] in 1945).
<ref>((cite news|access-date=2020-03-05|title=Antimatter Fuel|url=http://www.projectrho.com/public_html/rocket/antimatterfuel.php|website=atomic rockets))</ref>

==Cost==
((As of|2004)), the cost of producing one millionth of a gram of antimatter was estimated at ((nobr|US $60 billion)).<ref name="sfgate.com">((cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Air-Force-pursuing-antimatter-weapons-Program-2689674.php|title=Air Force pursuing antimatter weapons / Program was touted publicly, then came official gag order|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|date=4 October 2004|access-date=17 January 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229183617/http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Air-Force-pursuing-antimatter-weapons-Program-2689674.php|archive-date=29 December 2014))</ref> By way of comparison, the cost of the [[Manhattan Project]] (to produce the first atomic bomb) is estimated at US$23 billion in 2007 prices.<ref name=autogenerated2>((cite web|url=http://www.ctbto.org/nuclear-testing/history-of-nuclear-testing/manhattan-project|title=Manhattan Project|access-date=17 January 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228200033/http://www.ctbto.org/nuclear-testing/history-of-nuclear-testing/manhattan-project|archive-date=28 December 2014))</ref> As such, [[Hui Chen]] of [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] dismissed concerns about antimatter bombs in 2008 as "unrealistic".<ref name="nbc">((cite news |title=Laser technique produces bevy of antimatter |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna27998860 |access-date=24 May 2022 |work=NBC News |date=1 December 2008 |language=en))</ref>

==Antimatter catalyzed weapons==
[[Antimatter-catalyzed nuclear pulse propulsion]] proposes the use of antimatter as a "trigger"<ref>((cite web|url=http://cui.unige.ch/isi/sscr/phys/anti-BPP-3.html|title=Antimatter weapons|website=cui.unige.ch|access-date=4 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424174413/http://cui.unige.ch/isi/sscr/phys/anti-BPP-3.html|archive-date=24 April 2013))</ref> to initiate small nuclear explosions; the explosions provide thrust to a spacecraft. The same technology could theoretically be used to make very small and possibly "fission-free" (very low [[nuclear fallout]]) weapons (see [[pure fusion weapon]]).<ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aUk5DAAAQBAJ&q=thermonuclear+arbitrarily+high+number+of+stages&pg=PT241|title=Tools of War: History of Weapons in Modern Times|first=Syed|last=Ramsey|date=12 May 2016|publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd|isbn=9789386019837|access-date=4 May 2018|via=Google Books|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816184655/https://books.google.com/books?id=aUk5DAAAQBAJ&pg=PT241&lpg=PT241&dq=thermonuclear+arbitrarily+high+number+of+stages&source=bl&ots=y3fH57GESs&sig=F4qT3k7qICbrNUuH85a4pXY2G9Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjUtfPXm7bTAhXiAJoKHftZAIkQ6AEIUjAG#v=onepage&q=thermonuclear+arbitrarily+high+number+of+stages&f=false|archive-date=16 August 2017))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2015/09/details-on-antimatter-triggered-fusion.html|title=Details on antimatter triggered fusion bombs - NextBigFuture.com|date=22 September 2015|website=nextbigfuture.com|access-date=4 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422125419/http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2015/09/details-on-antimatter-triggered-fusion.html|archive-date=22 April 2017))</ref>

==In popular culture==
An antimatter weapon is a part of the plot of the [[Dan Brown]] book ''[[Angels & Demons]]'' and its [[Angels & Demons (film)|film adaptation]], where it is used in a plot to blow up the [[Vatican City]].<ref>((cite news |last1=Delphine |title=Angels & Demons: The Physics Behind The Movie (and The Book) |url=https://www.wired.com/2011/10/angels-demons-the-physics-behind-the-movie-and-the-book/ |access-date=13 March 2021 |magazine=Wired |language=en-us))</ref><ref name="nbc"/><!--Do not add any new entries without reliable secondary sources! See [[WP:IPC]] for more details.-->

The ''Ground Zero'' expansion pack of the game ''Quake 2'' requires the protagonist to manufacture an Antimatter Bomb in the Munitions Plant to achieve the final objective and blow up the Gravity Well with it. The game immediately ends upon the player planting the bomb near the Gravity Well's main generator.
there is another version of the antimatter bomb referred to in-game as the "A-M Bomb" which is inaccessible without cheating in the original ''Quake 2'' however, the A-M Bomb appears in the multiplayer mode of the remaster of quake 2 released in 2023 as an on-the-map-item that will only spawn on certain maps. The A-M Bombs spawning can be toggled on and off in the multiplayer setup. when used the player character will throw the A-M Bomb a short distance, after ten seconds or after being hit by gunfire the bomb will explode dealing large amounts of damage in a wide blast radius likely instantly killing nearby enemies and dealing large amounts of damage to enemies who are farther away
==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071007122939/http://public.web.cern.ch/Public/Content/Chapters/Spotlight/SpotlightAandD-en.html Spotlight on "Angels and Demons"] – A discussion at CERN's public website on the viability of the use of antimatter for energy and weaponry
* [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2004/10/04/MNGM393GPK1.DTL "Air Force pursuing antimatter weapons: Program was touted publicly, then came official gag order"]
* [http://cui.unige.ch/isi/sscr/phys/anti-BPP-3.html Page discussing the possibility of using antimatter as a trigger for a thermonuclear explosion]
* [http://www.arxiv.org/abs/physics/0507114 Paper discussing the number of antiprotons required to ignite a thermonuclear weapon]

((Weapons))
((emerging technologies|topics=yes|military=yes))
((Doomsday))

((DEFAULTSORT:Antimatter Weapon))
[[Category:Antimatter|Weapon]]
[[Category:Proposed weapons]]
[[Category:Fictional weapons]]
[[Category:Weapons of mass destruction]]

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