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((Distinguish|Franklin County, Massachusetts))
((Use mdy dates|date=July 2023))
((Infobox settlement
| official_name = Town of Franklin
| image_skyline = Main Street, June 2010, Franklin MA.jpg
| caption = Main Street in 2010
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| image_flag = 
| image_seal = Franklin_MA_seal.png
| nickname = 
| motto = Industry Need Not Wish
| image_map = Norfolk County Massachusetts incorporated and unincorporated areas Franklin highlighted.svg
| map_caption = Location in Norfolk County in Massachusetts
| pushpin_map = USA
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States
| coordinates = ((coord|42|05|N|71|24|W|display=inline,title))
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = ((Flagu|United States|size=23px))
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
| subdivision_name1 = ((Flag|Massachusetts|size=23px))
| subdivision_name2 = [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Norfolk]]
| established_title = Settled
| established_date = 1660
| established_title2 = Incorporated
| established_date2 = 1778
| established_title3 = 
| established_date3 = 
| government_type = [[Council-manager]]
| leader_title = [[Town Administrator|Town<br />((nbsp|3))Administrator]]
| leader_name = Jamie Hellen
| leader_title1 = <!--Board of<br />((nbsp|3))Selectmen-->
| leader_name1 = 
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_magnitude = 
| area_total_km2 = 70.00
| area_total_sq_mi = 27.03
| area_land_km2 = 68.99
| area_land_sq_mi = 26.64
| area_water_km2 = 1.01
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.39
| elevation_m = 91
| elevation_ft = 300
| population_total = 33261
| population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_density_km2 = 482.08
| population_density_sq_mi = 1248.58
| postal_code_type = ZIP Code
| postal_code = 02038
| area_code = [[Area code 508|508]]/[[Area code 774|774]]
| website = ((URL|www.franklinma.gov))
| footnotes = 
| timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset = −5
| timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
| utc_offset_DST = −4
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 25-25100
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = 0611686
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">((cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_25.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=May 21, 2022))</ref>
| name = 
| pop_est_as_of = 
| pop_est_footnotes = 
| population_est = 
))

The '''Town of Franklin''' is a city<ref>((Mass City-Town Note|Mass_Town=Franklin|))</ref> in [[Norfolk County, Massachusetts]], United States. Franklin is one of thirteen Massachusetts municipalities that have applied for, and been granted, city forms of government but wish to retain "The town of" in their official names.<ref>[http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cisctlist/ctlistalph.htm Office of the Secretary of State of Massachusetts], sec.state.ma.us. Accessed November 18, 2022.</ref> As of 2022, the city's population was 36,745, with a growth rate of 15.38% since 2015. It is home to the country's first public library, the [[Franklin Public Library (Massachusetts)|Franklin Public Library]] with its first books donated by [[Benjamin Franklin]] in 1790. It also contains the largest Catholic parish in the Boston Archdiocese, St. Mary's Catholic church, with some 15,000 members.

==History==
[[File:View of Franklin, Mass. (2673646413).jpg|thumb|left|Franklin, Massachusetts in 1879]]

Franklin was first settled by Europeans in 1660 and officially incorporated during the [[American Revolution]]. The town was formed from the western part of the town of [[Wrentham, Massachusetts|Wrentham]], and it was officially incorporated on March 2, 1778; its designated name at incorporation was to be Exeter.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.town.franklin.ma.us/Pages/FranklinMA_Library/libraryhistory |title=Town of Franklin - History of the Franklin Public Library |website=www.town.franklin.ma.us |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110070745/http://town.franklin.ma.us/Pages/FranklinMA_Library/libraryhistory |archive-date=2010-11-10))</ref> However, the town's citizens opted to call it Franklin, in honor of the statesman Benjamin Franklin, the first municipality in the U.S. to be so named.

It was hoped that Benjamin Franklin would donate a bell for a church steeple in the town, but he donated 116 books instead, including ''[[Night-Thoughts]]'', [[James Janeway]]'s ''Invisible Realities'', and the works of [[John Locke]].<ref name=franklin-profile>((cite web|title=Town Profile|url=https://www.franklinma.gov/about-us/pages/library-history|publisher=Town of Franklin|access-date=28 January 2022))</ref> On November 20, 1790, it was decided that the volumes would be lent to the residents of Franklin for free via its library, which has been in operation since then as the Franklin Public Library making this the oldest running public library in the nation. The Ray Memorial Library building was dedicated in 1904. In 1990, on the library's bicentennial, its staff published a booklet, "A History of America's First Public Library at Franklin Massachusetts, 1790 ~ 1990" to commemorate America's first [[public library]] and book collection.<ref name=franklin-library>((cite web|title=History of the Franklin Public Library|url=http://www.town.franklin.ma.us/Pages/FranklinMA_Library/libraryhistory|publisher=Town of Franklin|access-date=10 July 2011))</ref>

The town is also home to the birthplace of America's father of [[public education]], [[Horace Mann]]. The town is also home to what may have been the nation's oldest continuously operational one-room school house ([[Croydon, New Hampshire]]'s school dates to 1780, but there is debate as to whether it is truly "one room"). The [[Red Brick School (Franklin, Massachusetts)|Red Brick School]] was started in 1792, its building constructed in 1833,<ref name=frank>[http://www.franklin.ma.us/auto/schools/FPS/brick/ The Red Brick School] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911063343/http://www.franklin.ma.us/auto/schools/FPS/brick/ |date=2008-09-11 )), Franklin, Massachusetts site. Retrieved 11 September 2008.</ref> and was operational until 2008. St. Mary's Catholic Church, located in central Franklin and built by [[Matthew Sullivan]], is the largest Catholic parish in the [[Boston Archdiocese]] with some 15,000 members.

==Geography==
((More citations needed|section|date=November 2022))
Franklin is located at ((coord|42|5|N|71|24|W|type:city)) (42.0891, –71.4069).<ref name="GR1">((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990))</ref> According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of ((convert|27.0|sqmi|km2)), of which ((convert|26.7|sqmi|km2)) is land and ((convert|0.3|sqmi|km2)) is water.

Much of the Town of Franklin lies within the [[Charles River]] watershed. Principal streams include Mine, Shepard's, Miller, Uncas, Dix and Miscoe Brooks. Much of the marshland along Mine Brook has been permanently protected by the Natural Valley Storage Project of the [[U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]]. The extreme southwest corner of Franklin is part of the [[Blackstone River]] watershed. The town has an impounded series of lakes known as the Franklin Reservoir, which is not used as a public drinking water supply. The lakes are now protected open space.((citation needed|date=November 2022))

Ernest DelCarte (1911–2000) bequeathed the land that would become the conservation area to the Town of Franklin. The DelCarte family assisted in the transfer to Franklin in return for the town's commitment to preserve the land as open space. Worth an estimated $3 million at the time of the transfer of title, the Recreation and Conservation Area received a multi-million-dollar upgrade in 2014. Significant public forests and parks include the Franklin State and the Franklin Town Forests.<ref>[https://02038.com/2008/12/delcarte-franklin-ma/ Ernest DelCarte Recreation and Conservation Area], 02038.com. Accessed November 18, 2022.</ref>

((Geographic location
|Northwest = 
|North     = [[Medway, Massachusetts|Medway]]
|Northeast = [[Norfolk, Massachusetts|Norfolk]]
|East = [[Wrentham, Massachusetts|Wrentham]]
|West      = [[Bellingham, Massachusetts|Bellingham]]
|Center    = Franklin
|South     = [[Wrentham, Massachusetts|Wrentham]]
|Southeast = 
|))

==Demographics==
((See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income))
((Historical populations
|type= USA
|state= collapsed
|1850|1810
|1860|2172
|1870|2512
|1880|4051
|1890|4831
|1900|5017
|1910|5641
|1920|6497
|1930|7028
|1940|7303
|1950|8037
|1960|10530
|1970|17830
|1980|18217
|1990|22095
|2000|29560
|2010|31635
|2020|33261
|2022|33656
|source=((center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">((cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015))</ref>))
|footnote=* = population estimate.  ((Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references))<ref>((cite web | title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | access-date=October 21, 2023 | url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html))</ref>
))
As of the 2010 [[census]],<ref name="GR2">((cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website ))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2525172.html|title=Franklin, Massachusetts - QuickFacts - United States Census Bureau|publisher=quickfacts.census.gov|access-date=2012-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130308082647/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2525172.html|archive-date=2013-03-08|url-status=dead))</ref> there were 31,852 people, 10,866 households, and 7,877 families residing in the town.
The [[population density]] was ((convert|1105.4|PD/sqmi|/km2)). There were 10,327 housing units at an average density of ((convert|386.2|/sqmi|/km2)). The racial makeup of the city was 92.8 percent [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.83 percent [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] or [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 2.0 percent [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race, 1.4 percent [[Black people|Black]] or [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.15 percent [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.29 percent from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.4% from two or more races.

There were 10,866 households, out of which 44.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.4% contained [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 22.4% were non-families, and 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present. 18.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80, the average family size 3.29.

The population includes 28.5% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 35.1% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.4 males.

The median household income in the town was $92,066, and the median income for a family was $81,826 (these figures had risen to $89,659 and $101,900, respectively, as of a 2008 estimate)<ref>((cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=16000US2525100&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US25%7C05000US25017%7C06000US2501709840&_street=&_county=franklin&_cityTown=franklin&_state=04000US25&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_SAFF&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry= |title=Franklin city, Massachusetts - Fact Sheet - American FactFinder |publisher=Factfinder.census.gov |access-date=2010-10-25 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200211180209/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=16000US2525100&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US25%7C05000US25017%7C06000US2501709840&_street=&_county=franklin&_cityTown=franklin&_state=04000US25&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=ACS_2007_3YR_SAFF&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null:null&_keyword=&_industry= |archive-date=2020-02-11 |url-status=dead ))</ref>). Men had a median income of $58,888 versus $36,557 for women; the [[per capita income]] for the town was $27,849. About 2.2% of families and 3.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 2.8% of those under 18 and 5.2% of those 65 or over.

65.5% of Franklin residents claim to be religious, of that 54.2% are [[Catholic Church|Catholic]], 3.0% are [[Jews|Jewish]], 2.2% are [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]], 1.7% are [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopalian]], while members of [[Baptists|Baptist]], [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]], [[Methodism|Methodist]], [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]], [[Mormonism|Mormon]], [[Hinduism|Hindu]], [[Mennonites|Mennonite]], and [[Muslims|Muslim]] faiths make up less than 1.0% of the population each.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/zip-code/massachusetts/franklin_town/02038|title=Franklin Town (zip 02038), Massachusetts Religion|website=bestplaces.net|access-date=2019-01-07))</ref>

==Government==
The town is represented in the [[Massachusetts General Court]] by Representative [[Jeffrey Roy]] and Senators Rebecca Rausch and [[Karen Spilka]].

It is part of the [[Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Bristol and Middlesex district]]. The Town is located in [[Massachusetts's 4th congressional district]] and is currently represented by [[Jake Auchincloss]].<ref>((Cite web|title=U.S. House of Representatives: Massachusetts |url=https://www.house.gov/htbin/findrep?ZIP=02038&Submit=FIND+YOUR+REP+BY+ZIP|access-date=2021-03-23|website=house.gov))</ref>

==Education==
((more citations needed|section|date=November 2022))
The Franklin Public Schools have five elementary schools serving K–5, three middle schools serving 6-8, and one high school serving 9–12. There is one charter school (grades K–8).

'''Elementary Schools K–5:'''
*John F. Kennedy Memorial School
*Gerald M. Parmenter Elementary School
*Oak Street Elementary School
*Helen Keller Elementary School
*Jefferson Elementary School
*The Red Brick School is a historic school in the town. It was used at various times for kindergarten through 4th grade students; sometimes for multiple grades simultaneously.  It was one of the longest running one-room schools in the USA.

'''Middle Schools 6-8:'''
*Horace Mann Middle School
*Annie Sullivan Middle School 
*Remington Middle School

'''High School 9–12:'''
*[[Franklin High School (Massachusetts)|Franklin High School]] constructed a new high school building and tore down the old one in 2014.<ref>((cite web|title=The New FHS: Timeline|url=http://www.newfhs.com/history.php|publisher=The New Franklin High School|access-date=November 7, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127000214/http://newfhs.com/history.php|archive-date= November 27, 2013|url-status=dead))</ref>
* [[Tri-County Regional Vocational Technical High School]]

The Town of Franklin is also home to [[Dean College]], founded in 1865, a private residential college with over 1,100 students. The college grants [[associate degree]]s in a number of subjects (98% of the students are accepted for transfer to four-year schools) and also offers [[bachelor's degree|bachelor]]'s programs in Arts and Entertainment Management, Psychology, Sociology, History, English, Business, Marketing, Criminal Justice and Homeland Security Management, Sport Management, Sport Fitness, Recreation and Coaching, Dance, Liberal Arts & Studies, and Theater.

==Points of interest==
As noted, the Franklin Public Library is the first public library in America,<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BKWWAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT25 |title=The Public Library: A Photographic Essay|date=2014-05-27|publisher=Chronicle Books|isbn=978-1-61689-327-9|language=en))</ref> the original books of which were donated by Benjamin Franklin. Across the street from the library is Dean College.

At one end of Franklin's Historic District is the little Red Brick School. Its classroom, believed to be one of the oldest public schools in the United States, but is not still functioning, celebrated its 175th birthday in 2008.

==Transportation==
((Unreferenced section|date=November 2022))
Franklin has two exits along [[Interstate 495 (Massachusetts)|I-495]] at [[Route 140]] and King Street. [[MBTA Commuter Rail]] service on the [[Franklin/Foxboro Line]] stops at ((bts|Forge Park/495)) and ((bts|Franklin/Dean College)). Franklin is part of the [[Greater Attleboro Taunton Regional Transit Authority]] (GATRA) service region. It is served by [[demand-responsive transit]].

==Notable people==

((div col))
* [[Charles Partridge Adams]], born in Franklin, 1858; landscape painter, Gold Medal of National Mining and Industrial Exposition, Denver, for landscape
* [[Asa Aldis]], Chief Justice of the [[Vermont Supreme Court]]<ref>((cite book |last=Aldrich |first=Lewis Cass |date=1891 |title=History of Franklin and Grand Isle Counties, Vermont |url=https://archive.org/details/historyfranklin00aldrgoog |page=[https://archive.org/details/historyfranklin00aldrgoog/page/n233 223] |location=Syracuse, NY |publisher=D. Mason & Co. |ref=((sfnRef|''History of Franklin and Grand Isle Counties, Vermont''))))</ref>
* [[Maria Barrett]], [[US Army]] [[Major General]]; elder sister of US Army General [[Paula Lodi]]<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/US/sisters-make-us-army-history-1st-pair-attain/story?id=65431718 "2 sisters make Army history as first pair to attain general rank: Maj. Gen. Maria Barrett and her younger sister Brig. Gen. Paula Lodi"], abcnews.go.com. September 6, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.gomo.army.mil/public/Biography/usa-9726/mariab-barrett Major General Maria B. Barrett (USA)], gomo.army.mil. Accessed November 18, 2022.</ref> 
* [[Edward Reed Blake]], born in Franklin; Wisconsin state legislator and businessman<ref>Wisconsin Blue Book 1885 Biographical Sketch: Edward Reed Blake, pg. 425.</ref>
* [[Bernard Davis (biologist)|Bernard Davis]] (1916–1994), biologist, was born in Franklin
* [[Oliver Dean]], MD, born in Franklin, 1783; physician and educator, benefactor and founder of [[Dean College|Dean Academy]]<ref>((cite book |editor1-first=Mortimer|editor1-last=Blake|date= 1879|title= A History of the Town of Franklin, Mass: From Its Settlement to the Completion of its First Century|url= https://archive.org/details/historyoftownoff79blak |location= Providence, RI|publisher= J.A & R.A Reid |page= [https://archive.org/details/historyoftownoff79blak/page/150 150]|isbn= 978-1-178-85357-5 ))</ref>
* [[George Warren Fuller]], born in Franklin, 1868; responsible for important innovations in water and wastewater treatment
* [[Richard Grieco]], Class of 1983, actor and former fashion model
* [[Eddie Grant (baseball)]], born in 1883; baseball player, killed in [[WWI]]
* [[Murray Hill (performer)|Murray Hill]], comedian, drag king
* [[Kristi Kirshe]], American rugby sevens player
* [[Peter Laviolette]], born in 1964 and grew up in Franklin; professional ice hockey player and coach<ref>((cite web|url= http://www.milforddailynews.com/article/20100501/News/305019964|title= Franklin's favorite son Peter Laviolette on wrong side of rink|publisher = The Milford Daily News|access-date= April 21, 2014))</ref> – NHL hockey coach
* [[Paula Lodi]], [[US Army]] [[Brigadier General]]; younger sister of [[US Army]] General [[Maria Barrett]]<ref>[https://www.gomo.army.mil/public/Biography/usa-10850/paulac-lodi Brigadier General Paula C. Lodi], gomo.army.mil. Accessed November 17, 2022.</ref> 
* [[Horace Mann]], born in Franklin, 1796; educator
* [[Nathanael Emmons]], (1745–1840) [[Congregationalism in the United States|Congregational]] minister, theologian
* [[Theron Metcalf]], born in Franklin, 1784; Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court
* [[Robbie O'Connell]], folk singer, former resident of Franklin
* [[Jen O'Malley Dillon]], political strategist and campaign manager<ref>((cite news|title=On the Obama trail|url=http://www.milforddailynews.com/article/20081218/NEWS/312189834|newspaper=[[The Milford Daily News]]|last=Kelly|first=Joyce|date=December 18, 2008|access-date=April 7, 2019))</ref>
* [[Albert D. Richardson]], born in Franklin, 1833; journalist, spy, and author
* [[Bobby Santos III]], born in Franklin, 1985; NASCAR driver
* [[Ilario Zannino]], mobster, former resident of Franklin
* [[Jermaine Samuels]], basketball player, grew up in Franklin
((div col end))

==References==
((reflist|30em))

==Sources==
* McCarthy Earls, Eamon. "Franklin: From Puritan Precinct to 21st Century Edge City." Franklin: Via Appia Press (www.viaappiapress.com), 2012; ((ISBN|978-0-9825485-4-7))

==External links==
((EB1911 poster|Franklin (Massachusetts)))
* ((Commons category-inline))
* ((official website|http://www.franklin.ma.us/ ))

((Norfolk County, Massachusetts))
((Massachusetts))
((Greater_Boston))

((authority control))

[[Category:Franklin, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:1660 establishments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony]]
[[Category:Cities in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Cities in Norfolk County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1660]]

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