You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 75.101.128.0/17 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪JJMC89‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 05:39, 2 October 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 05:40, 21 February 2024
- Expiry of block: 05:40, 21 February 2029
Your current IP address is 75.101.254.2. The blocked range is 75.101.128.0/17. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((Short description|Italian cheese))
((More citations needed|date=August 2016))
((Infobox Cheese
| name = Grana Padano
| image = [[File:Grana Padano DOP.jpg|200px]]
| othernames = 
| country = [[Italy]]
| regiontown =  '''[[Emilia-Romagna]]''':<br />[[province of Piacenza]]

'''[[Lombardy]]''':<br />provinces of [[Province of Bergamo|Bergamo]], [[Province of Brescia|Brescia]],
[[Province of Cremona|Cremona]], [[Province of Lodi|Lodi]],
[[province of Mantua|Mantua]] (to the left of the [[Po River|Po]]),
[[Province of Milan|Milan]], and [[province of Pavia|Pavia]]

'''[[Piedmont]]''':<br />[[province of Cuneo]]

'''[[Trentino-Alto Adige]]''': <br />province of [[Trentino|Trento]]

'''[[Veneto]]''':<br />province of 
[[province of Padua|Padua]], [[province of Verona|Verona]],<br>
[[province of Vicenza|Vicenza]], [[province of Rovigo|Rovigo]], and [[province of Treviso|Treviso]]

In addition to these main centres<br /> production is permitted in
'''Emilia Romagna''': [[province of Bologna]]<br />
(to the right of the [[River Reno|Reno]]), 
[[province of Ferrara|Ferrara]], [[province of Ravenna|Ravenna]],
[[Province of Forlì-Cesena|Forlì-Cesena]], 
and [[Province of Rimini|Rimini]]<br />
'''Lombardy''': provinces of [[Province of Como|Como]], <br />
[[Province of Lecco|Lecco]], [[Province of Sondrio|Sondrio]], and [[Province of Varese|Varese]]<br />
'''Piedmont''': provinces of [[province of Alessandria|Alessandria]], <br/>
[[province of Asti|Asti]], [[province of Biella|Biella]], [[province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola|Verbano-Cusio-Ossola]],<br />
[[province of Novara|Novara]], [[Province of Turin|Turin]], and [[province of Vercelli|Vercelli]]<br />
'''Veneto''': [[province of Venice]]
| region = 
| town = 
| source = [[Cow]]s
| pasteurised = No
| texture = Hard
| fat = 
| protein = 
| dimensions = 
| weight = 
| aging = 8–20 months
| certification = Italy: [[Denominazione di Origine Controllata|DOC]]: 1955<br />[[European Union|EU]]: [[protected designation of origin|PDO]]: 1996
))

'''Grana Padano''' is a [[cheese]] originating in the [[Po Valley|Po Valley]], in [[Northern Italy]], that is similar to ''[[Parmesan|Parmigiano Reggiano]]''. There are less strict regulations governing its production compared to ''Parmigiano Reggiano''.<ref name=":0">((cite web|url=https://www.cheese.com/grana-padano|title=Grana Padano - Cheese.com|website=www.cheese.com))</ref> This [[Types of cheese#Semi-hard or hard cheese|hard]], crumbly-[[Mouthfeel|textured]] cheese is made with [[Raw milk|unpasteurized]] cows' milk that is semi-[[Skimmed milk|skimmed]] through a natural creaming process. To preserve the authenticity of the manufacturing processes and raw materials used to make this cheese, Grana Padano is registered as Geographical Indication in Italy since 1954<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.ipaustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/certification_rules/366665.pdf|work=[[IP Australia]]|title=Consorzio per la tutela del formaggio Grana Padano|accessdate=5 September 2021))</ref> and as a [[European Union]] [[protected designation of origin]] (PDO) since 1996,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />((efn-ua|Grana Padano is the most produced cheese under the [[protected designation of origin]]-scheme.<ref>((Cite book|title=World cheese book|date=2009|publisher=[[DK (publisher)|DK]]|editor-last=Harbutt|editor-first=Juliet|last=Aspinwall|first=Martin|display-authors=etal|isbn=978-0756654429|edition=1st American|location=London|oclc=298183484))</ref>)) and is protected in several other countries based on the [[Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration|Lisbon Agreement]] and bilateral agreements.<ref name=Origin>((cite web|url=https://www.origin-gi.com/i-gi-origin-worldwide-gi-compilation-uk.html?filter=Grana%20Padano&cc=p|work=ORIGIN-GI|title=oriGIn Worldwide GIs Compilation|accessdate=5 September 2021|archive-date=5 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210905142926/https://www.origin-gi.com/i-gi-origin-worldwide-gi-compilation-uk.html?filter=Grana%20Padano&cc=p|url-status=dead))</ref><ref name=GIView>((cite web|url=https://www.tmdn.org/giview/gi/EUGI00000012993|work=GI View - European Union|title=Grana Padano|accessdate=5 September 2021))</ref>

==Origin of the name==
The name comes from the Italian word "''[[Grana (cheese)|grana]]''", a reference to the characteristically grainy texture, and the [[demonym]] ''padano'', meaning "from [[Po Valley|Val Padana]]" (the Po valley).

==History==
Grana Padano was developed by monks of [[Chiaravalle Abbey]] in the 12th century.<ref name=":1">((Cite book|title=The Oxford companion to cheese|editor-last=Donnelly|editor-first=Catherine W.|isbn=9780199330881|location=New York|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|date=2016|oclc=947145356))</ref> It can last a long time without spoiling, and is sometimes aged for up to two years. It is made in a similar way to the [[parmesan]] of [[Emilia-Romagna]], but over a much wider area and with different regulations and controls.<ref name=":0" />

==Production process==
Like parmesan, Grana Padano is a semi-fat hard cheese which is cooked and ripened slowly for at least nine months. If it passes quality tests, it is fire-branded with the Grana Padano trademark. The cows are milked twice a day.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/parmigiano-reggiano |date=December 2018 |website=sciencedirect.com |title=Parmigiano-Reggiano |publisher=Elsevier))</ref> Milk produced in the evening is skimmed to remove the surface layer of cream and mixed with fresh milk produced in the morning. The partly skimmed milk is transferred into copper kettles and coagulated; the resulting curd is cut to produce granules with the size of rice grains, which gives the cheese its characteristic texture, and then warmed to ((convert|53|-|56|C|F)). It is produced year-round, and varies seasonally as well as by year. Though similar to parmesan cheese, the younger Grana Padano cheeses are less crumbly, milder and less complex in flavor than the better-known, longer-aged parmesan.<ref name=":0" />

About 150 factories make Grana Padano in the Po Valley area, and an estimated 76,724 tons of this cheese are manufactured annually.<ref>((Cite book|title=Fundamentals of cheese science|last=Fox|first=P. F.|display-authors=etal|date=2000|publisher=Aspen Publication|isbn=0834212609|oclc=1016031218))</ref>

== Specifications ==
A [[truckle|wheel]] of Grana Padano is cylindrical, with slightly convex or almost straight sides and flat faces. It is ((convert|35|to|45|cm|in|abbr=on)) in diameter, and ((convert|15|to|18|cm|in|abbr=on)) high. It weighs 24 to 40&nbsp;kg (53 to 88&nbsp;lbs) per wheel. The rind, which is thin, is pale yellow.<ref name="cheesecom">((cite web|url=http://www.cheese.com/grana-padano/|title=Grana Padano - Cheese.com|website=www.cheese.com|access-date=29 May 2016))</ref>

Grana Padano is sold in three different ripening stages:<ref name="Gillingham">((cite web |url=http://www.thekitchn.com/a-primer-on-grana-padano-65750 |first1=Sara Kate |last1=Gillingham |date=October 8, 2008 |title=A Primer on Grana Padano |access-date=September 10, 2016))</ref>
* "Grana Padano" (9 to 16 months): texture still creamy, only slightly grainy
* "Grana Padano ''oltre 16 mesi''" (over 16 months): crumblier texture, more pronounced taste
* "Grana Padano Riserva" (over 20 months): grainy, crumbly and full flavoured
[[File:Marchiatura 2.jpg|thumbnail|After nine month of aging, each wheel gets checked and, if considered of adequate quality, gets fire-branded with the Grana Padano logo.]]
Grana padano cheese typically contains [[cheese crystals]], semi-solid to gritty crystalline spots that at least partially consist of the [[amino acid]] [[tyrosine]].

== Nutritional value and calories ==
1.5 litres of fresh, naturally partially-skimmed cows' milk from the production area, are needed to make 100&nbsp;g of Grana Padano PDO cheese. The Grana Padano processing and ageing procedures determine an important [[bioavailability]] of vitamins and minerals, the supply of proteins with nine [[essential amino acids]] and make it a highly digestible product.((fact|date=November 2020)) In addition, Grana Padano is [[lactose]]-free((fact|date=July 2021)) due to the characteristics of its production and ageing process, which also leads to a reduction of lipids. It contains a galactose content of less than 10&nbsp;mg per 100 g.((fact|date=November 2020))

The Grana Padano PDO Production Specifications regulate the entire production chain, from the cows' fodder to the branding of the wheels, therefore the average nutritional value and calories of Grana Padano PDO cheese remain stable and any variation in them is irrelevant for the purpose of defining a balanced diet.

100 grams of Grana Padano PDO cheese contain 398 kilocalories (1,666 kJ).

Nutritional table for a medium portion of 100 grams of Grana Padano
{| class="wikitable"
| colspan="2" |'''Main nutrients'''
|-
|Water
|32 g
|-
|Calories
|398 kcal
|-
|Total proteins
|33 g
|-
|Total amino acids
|6 g
|-
|Fat
|29 g
|-
|Fiber
|0 g
|-
|Ashes
|4.6 g
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Carbohydrates'''
|-
|Sugar (Carbohydrates)
|<1 g
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Minerals'''
|-
|Calcium
|1165.0 mg
|-
|Phosphorus    
|692.0 mg
|-
|Potassium
|120 mg
|-
|Magnesium
|63 mg
|-
|Zinc
|11 mg
|-
|Copper
|0.5 mg
|-
|Iron
|0.14 mg
|-
|Calcium / phosphorus ratio
|1.7
|-
|Salt
|1.5 g
|-
|Iodine
|35.5 µg
|-
|Selenium
|12 µg
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Vitamins'''
|-
|Vitamin A
|224 µg
|-
|Vitamin B1
|20 µg
|-
|Vitamin B2
|0.36 mg
|-
|Vitamin B3
|3.0 µg
|-
|Vitamin B6
|0.12 mg
|-
|Vitamin B12
|3.0 µg
|-
|Vitamin D3
|0.5 µg
|-
|Vitamin E
|206 µg
|-
|Pantothenic acid
|246 µg
|-
|Choline
|20.0 mg
|-
|Biotin
|6.0 µg
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Lipids'''
|-
|Saturated fat
|18.4 g
|-
|Monounsaturated fat   
|7.4 g
|-
|Polyunsaturated fat
|1.1 g
|-
|Cholesterol
|98.3 mg
|}

== See also ==
((Portal|Italy|Food))
* [[List of Italian cheeses]]

==References==
===Notes===
((Reflist|group=upper-alpha))

===Citations===
((reflist|30em))

==External links==
((Commons category))
*[https://www.granapadano.it/en-ww/default.aspx Official website]
*[http://www.clal.it/index.php?section=video&v=2 Video - How Grana Padano is made]
*[http://photos.hhoffman.co.uk/p56769887/ Photos of the production process]

((Lombard cuisine))
((Italian cheeses))

[[Category:Italian cheeses]]
[[Category:Cheeses of Veneto]]
[[Category:Lombard cheeses]]
[[Category:Cow's-milk cheeses]]
[[Category:Italian products with protected designation of origin]]
[[Category:Cheeses with designation of origin protected in the European Union]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Grana Padano (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Commons-inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Commons category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (protected)
Template:Efn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Efn-ua (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:Fact (view source) (protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:If then show (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox Cheese (edit)
Template:Infobox cheese (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Italian cheeses (edit)
Template:Lombard cuisine (edit)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Plainlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Sister-inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Sister project (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Commons link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/f (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/i (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikidata (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Grana Padano.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grana_Padano"