| Khabash | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khababash, Khabbash | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![Part of the Stela of Nastasen mentioning (row 13) the Egyptian invader Kambasuten (most likely Khabash)[1]](/en/File:Stela_Nastasen_Kambasuten_Lepsius.jpg) Part of the Stela of Nastasen mentioning (row 13) the Egyptian invader Kambasuten (most likely Khabash)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | c.338 – c.335 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Artaxerxes III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Artaxerxes IV or Darius III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dynasty | 31st Dynasty[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Khabash, also Khababash or Khabbash, resided at Sais in the fifth nome of Lower Egypt in the fourth century BC. During the second Persian occupation of Egypt (343–332 BC) he led a revolt against the Persian rule in concert with his eldest son, from ca. 338 to 335 BC, a few years before the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great.[4] It is said that Nectanebo II, the exiled last native ruler of Egypt, may have helped in these events, but he was possibly sidelined for good as a result of the failure of the revolt.[citation needed]
Little is known about Khabash. He is referred to as "Lord of both lands",[5] i.e. King of Upper and Lower Egypt, and as "Son of Ra", another pharaonic title, and given the throne name of Senen-setep-en-Ptah in a decree by Ptolemy Lagides,[6] who became King Ptolemy I Soter in 305 BC.
Sometime in the 330s BC, an Egyptian ruler called Kambasuten – who is widely recognized as Khabash – led an invasion into the kingdom of Kush which was defeated by king Nastasen as recorded in a stela now in the Berlin museum. An Apis bull sarcophagus bearing his name was found in the Serapeum of Saqqara,[7] dating to his second regnal year.[8]