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This is a comprehensive list of all Article III and Article IV United States federal judges appointed by President Joe Biden as well as a partial list of Article I federal judicial appointments, excluding appointments to the District of Columbia judiciary.[1]
As of December 8, 2022[update], the United States Senate has confirmed 95 Article III judges nominated by Biden: one Associate Justice to the Supreme Court, 26 judges for the United States courts of appeals and 68 judges for the United States district courts. There are 47 nominations awaiting Senate action: 11 for the courts of appeals, and 36 for the district courts. There are nine vacancies on the U.S. courts of appeals, 67 vacancies on the U.S. district courts, two vacancies on the United States Court of International Trade,[2][3] as well as 32 announced federal judicial vacancies that will occur before the end of Biden's term (6 for the courts of appeals and 26 for district courts).[4] Biden has not made any recess appointments to the federal courts. Biden had the largest number of Article III judicial nominees confirmed during a president's first year in office since Ronald Reagan in 1981.[5]
Regarding the Article I courts, as of July 21, 2022[update], the Senate has confirmed two judges nominated by Biden, both to the United States Court of Federal Claims. There is one nomination to the Article I courts awaiting Senate action; for the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. There are two vacancies on the United States Court of Federal Claims, two on the United States Tax Court and one on the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces. On March 2, 2021, Biden designated Elaine D. Kaplan as Chief Judge of the Court of Federal Claims.[6] Biden has not elevated any judges to the position of Chief Judge.
Regarding Article IV territorial courts, as of July 21, 2022[update], there are three vacancies and no pending nominations. The Senate has not confirmed any Article IV judges nominated by Biden.
Main article: Joe Biden Supreme Court candidates |
# | Justice | Seat | State | Former justice | Nomination date |
Confirmation date |
Confirmation vote |
Began service[8] |
Ended service |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ketanji Brown Jackson | 2 | Washington, D.C. | Stephen Breyer | February 28, 2022 | April 7, 2022 | 53–47[SC 1] | June 30, 2022[Note 1] | Incumbent |
* Denotes nomination pending before the Senate Judiciary Committee ** Denotes nomination awaiting final confirmation by the full Senate
# | Judge | Circuit | Nomination date |
Confirmation date |
Confirmation vote |
Began active service[8] |
Ended active service |
Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ketanji Brown Jackson | D.C. | April 19, 2021 | June 14, 2021 | 53–44[A 1] | June 17, 2021 | June 29, 2022 | Elevated |
2 | Candace Jackson-Akiwumi | Seventh | April 19, 2021 | June 24, 2021 | 53–40[A 2] | July 1, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
3 | Tiffany P. Cunningham | Federal | April 19, 2021 | July 19, 2021 | 63–33[A 3] | August 6, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
4 | Eunice C. Lee | Second | May 12, 2021 | August 7, 2021 | 50–47[A 4] | August 16, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
5 | Veronica S. Rossman | Tenth | May 12, 2021 | September 20, 2021 | 50–42[A 5] | September 28, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
6 | Gustavo Gelpí | First | May 12, 2021 | October 18, 2021 | 52–41[A 6] | October 19, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
7 | Myrna Pérez | Second | June 15, 2021 | October 25, 2021 | 48–43[A 7] | November 12, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
8 | Beth Robinson | Second | August 5, 2021 | November 1, 2021 | 51–45[A 8] | November 5, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
9 | Toby J. Heytens | Fourth | July 13, 2021 | November 1, 2021 | 53–43[A 9] | November 2, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
10 | Lucy Koh | Ninth | September 20, 2021[Rn 1] | December 13, 2021 | 50–45[A 10] | December 14, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
11 | Jennifer Sung | Ninth | July 13, 2021 | December 15, 2021 | 50–49[A 11] | December 20, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
12 | Gabriel P. Sanchez | Ninth | September 20, 2021 | January 12, 2022 | 52–47[A 12] | January 24, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
13 | Holly A. Thomas | Ninth | September 20, 2021 | January 20, 2022 | 48–40[A 13] | January 24, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
14 | Leonard P. Stark | Federal | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | February 9, 2022 | 61–35[A 14] | March 16, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
15 | Alison Nathan | Second | November 18, 2021[Rn 2] | March 23, 2022 | 49–47[A 15] | March 30, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
16 | Stephanie D. Davis | Sixth | February 2, 2022 | May 24, 2022 | 49–43[A 16] | June 14, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
17 | J. Michelle Childs | D.C. | January 10, 2022 | July 19, 2022 | 64–34[A 17] | July 25, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
18 | Roopali Desai | Ninth | June 15, 2022 | August 4, 2022 | 67–29[A 18] | October 3, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
19 | John Z. Lee | Seventh | April 25, 2022 | September 7, 2022 | 50–44[A 19] | September 9, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
20 | Andre Mathis | Sixth | November 18, 2021[Rn 2] | September 8, 2022 | 48–47[A 20] | September 27, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
21 | Salvador Mendoza Jr. | Ninth | April 25, 2022 | September 12, 2022 | 46–40[A 21] | September 15, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
22 | Lara Montecalvo | First | May 19, 2022 | September 14, 2022 | 52–47[A 22] | September 20, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
23 | Sarah A. L. Merriam | Second | May 19, 2022 | September 15, 2022 | 53–44[A 23] | September 23, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
24 | Florence Y. Pan | D.C. | May 25, 2022 | September 20, 2022 | 52–42[A 24] | September 26, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
25 | Arianna J. Freeman | Third | January 19, 2022 | September 29, 2022 | 50–47[A 25] | October 20, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
26 | Doris Pryor | Seventh | May 25, 2022 | December 5, 2022 | 60–31[A 26] | December 9, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
** | Tamika Montgomery-Reeves | Third | July 11, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Dana Douglas | Fifth | June 15, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Brad Garcia | D.C. | June 15, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Cindy K. Chung | Third | July 12, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Maria Araújo Kahn | Second | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Anthony Johnstone | Ninth | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | DeAndrea G. Benjamin | Fourth | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Nancy Abudu | Eleventh | January 10, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Rachel Bloomekatz | Sixth | May 25, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Julie Rikelman | First | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Jabari Wamble | Tenth | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* Denotes nomination pending before the Senate Judiciary Committee ** Denotes nomination awaiting final confirmation by the full Senate
# | Judge | Court [Note 2] |
Nomination date |
Confirmation date |
Confirmation vote |
Began active service[8] |
Ended active service |
Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Julien Neals | D.N.J. | April 19, 2021[Rn 3] | June 8, 2021 | 66–33[D 1] | June 22, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
2 | Regina M. Rodriguez | D. Colo. | April 19, 2021[Rn 4] | June 8, 2021 | 72–28[D 2] | July 1, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
3 | Zahid Quraishi | D.N.J. | April 19, 2021 | June 10, 2021 | 81–16[D 3] | June 22, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
4 | Lydia Kay Griggsby | D. Md. | April 19, 2021 | June 16, 2021 | 59–39[D 4] | July 20, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
5 | Deborah Boardman | D. Md. | April 19, 2021 | June 23, 2021 | 52–48[D 5] | June 25, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
6 | David Estudillo | W.D. Wash. | April 29, 2021 | September 14, 2021 | 54–41[D 6] | October 7, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
7 | Angel Kelley | D. Mass. | May 12, 2021 | September 14, 2021 | 52–44[D 7] | September 15, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
8 | Margaret Strickland | D.N.M. | April 19, 2021 | September 21, 2021 | 52–45[D 8] | October 22, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
9 | Florence Y. Pan | D.D.C. | June 15, 2021[Rn 5] | September 23, 2021 | 68–30[D 9] | September 23, 2021 | September 28, 2022 | Elevated |
10 | Lauren J. King | W.D. Wash. | May 12, 2021 | October 5, 2021 | 55–44[D 10] | December 7, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
11 | Sarah A. L. Merriam | D. Conn. | June 15, 2021 | October 6, 2021 | 54–46[D 11] | October 8, 2021 | September 28, 2022 | Elevated |
12 | Christine O'Hearn | D.N.J. | April 29, 2021 | October 19, 2021 | 53–44[D 12] | October 22, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
13 | Tana Lin | W.D. Wash. | April 29, 2021 | October 21, 2021 | 52–45[D 13] | November 23, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
14 | Jia M. Cobb | D.D.C. | June 15, 2021 | October 26, 2021 | 52–45[D 14] | November 12, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
15 | Karen M. Williams | D.N.J. | May 12, 2021 | October 26, 2021 | 56–38[D 15] | November 1, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
16 | Patricia Tolliver Giles | E.D. Va. | July 13, 2021 | October 26, 2021 | 68–27[D 16] | November 1, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
17 | Michael S. Nachmanoff | E.D. Va. | July 13, 2021 | October 27, 2021 | 52–46[D 17] | November 2, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
18 | Sarala Nagala | D. Conn. | June 15, 2021 | October 27, 2021 | 52–46[D 18] | November 2, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
19 | Omar A. Williams | D. Conn. | June 15, 2021 | October 28, 2021 | 52–46[D 19] | November 12, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
20 | Samantha D. Elliott | D.N.H. | September 30, 2021 | December 15, 2021 | 62–37[D 20] | December 21, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
21 | Linda Lopez | S.D. Cal. | September 30, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 48–25[D 21] | December 21, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
22 | Jinsook Ohta | S.D. Cal. | September 30, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 47–24[D 22] | December 27, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
23 | David H. Urias | D.N.M. | September 20, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 45–26[D 23] | January 14, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
24 | Maame Ewusi-Mensah Frimpong | C.D. Cal. | September 20, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 46–24[D 24] | February 7, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
25 | Jane M. Beckering | W.D. Mich. | July 13, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 45–25[D 25] | December 21, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
26 | Shalina D. Kumar | E.D. Mich. | July 13, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 44–25[D 26] | December 21, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
27 | Jennifer L. Thurston | E.D. Cal. | September 20, 2021 | December 17, 2021 | 46–24[D 27] | December 27, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
28 | Katherine M. Menendez | D. Minn. | September 20, 2021 | December 18, 2021 | 49–21[D 28] | December 21, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
29 | Mary K. Dimke | E.D. Wash. | August 5, 2021 | December 18, 2021 | 47–23[D 29] | December 21, 2021 | Incumbent | – |
30 | Bridget M. Brennan | N.D. Ohio | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | February 1, 2022 | 61–35[D 30] | February 8, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
31 | Charles E. Fleming | N.D. Ohio | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | February 1, 2022 | 56–42[D 31] | February 8, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
32 | David A. Ruiz | N.D. Ohio | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | February 1, 2022 | 62–35[D 32] | February 8, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
33 | Jacqueline Scott Corley | N.D. Cal. | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | March 17, 2022 | 63–36[D 33] | March 30, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
34 | Fred W. Slaughter | C.D. Cal. | December 15, 2021 | March 17, 2022 | 57–41[D 34] | April 19, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
35 | Ruth Bermudez Montenegro | S.D. Cal. | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | March 22, 2022 | 55–41[D 35] | March 30, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
36 | Victoria Calvert | N.D. Ga. | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | March 22, 2022 | 50–46[D 36] | April 5, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
37 | Julie Rubin | D. Md. | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | March 23, 2022 | 51–46[D 37] | March 30, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
38 | Hector Gonzalez | E.D.N.Y. | December 15, 2021[Rn 6] | March 23, 2022 | 52–45[D 38] | April 18, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
39 | John H. Chun | W.D. Wash. | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | March 23, 2022 | 49–47[D 39] | March 30, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
40 | Cristina D. Silva | D. Nev. | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | March 23, 2022 | 50–46[D 40] | April 7, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
41 | Anne Traum | D. Nev. | November 3, 2021[Rn 7] | March 23, 2022 | 49–47[D 41] | April 7, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
42 | Sarah Geraghty | N.D. Ga. | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | March 31, 2022 | 52–48[D 42] | April 8, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
43 | Georgette Castner | D.N.J. | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | March 31, 2022 | 52–47[D 43] | April 5, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
44 | Sherilyn Peace Garnett | C.D. Cal. | December 15, 2021 | April 27, 2022 | 62–33[D 44] | June 24, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
45 | Jennifer L. Rochon | S.D.N.Y. | December 15, 2021 | May 18, 2022 | 51–47[D 45] | June 13, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
46 | Trina Thompson | N.D. Cal. | November 3, 2021[Rn 2] | May 18, 2022 | 51–44[D 46] | August 5, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
47 | Sunshine Sykes | C.D. Cal. | December 15, 2021 | May 18, 2022 | 51–45[D 47] | June 14, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
48 | Evelyn Padin | D.N.J. | December 15, 2021 | May 25, 2022 | 51–43[D 48] | June 24, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
49 | Charlotte Sweeney | D. Colo. | August 5, 2021[Rn 2] | May 25, 2022 | 48–46[D 49] | July 18, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
50 | Nina Morrison | E.D.N.Y. | December 15, 2021 | June 8, 2022 | 53–46[D 50] | August 11, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
51 | Robert S. Huie | S.D. Cal. | January 19, 2022 | June 9, 2022 | 51–46[D 51] | June 14, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
52 | Ana de Alba | E.D. Cal. | January 19, 2022 | June 21, 2022 | 53–45[D 52] | July 7, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
53 | Stephen H. Locher | S.D. Iowa | April 25, 2022 | July 14, 2022 | voice vote[D 53] | July 18, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
54 | Nina Y. Wang | D. Colo. | January 19, 2022 | July 19, 2022 | 58–36[D 54] | July 22, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
55 | Nancy L. Maldonado | N.D. Ill. | April 25, 2022 | July 19, 2022 | 53–45[D 55] | August 10, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
56 | Gregory B. Williams | D. Del. | April 25, 2022 | July 20, 2022 | 52–43[D 56] | September 1, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
57 | Elizabeth Hanes | E.D. Va. | May 19, 2022 | August 2, 2022 | 59–37[D 57] | August 5, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
58 | Jennifer H. Rearden | S.D.N.Y. | January 19, 2022[Rn 8] | September 8, 2022 | voice vote[D 58] | October 7, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
59 | María del R. Antongiorgi-Jordán | D.P.R. | June 15, 2022 | November 15, 2022 | 55–43[D 59] | December 1, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
60 | Camille L. Vélez-Rivé | D.P.R. | June 15, 2022 | November 30, 2022 | 55–42[D 60] | December 9, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
61 | Anne M. Nardacci | N.D.N.Y. | May 19, 2022 | November 30, 2022 | 52–44[D 61] | – | – | – |
62 | F. Kay Behm | E.D. Mich. | July 11, 2022 | December 6, 2022 | 49–47[D 62] | – | – | – |
63 | Kelley B. Hodge | E.D. Pa. | July 12, 2022 | December 6, 2022 | 52–44[D 63] | – | – | – |
64 | Mia Roberts Perez | E.D. Pa. | July 12, 2022 | December 7, 2022 | 52–43[D 64] | – | – | – |
65 | Kai Scott | E.D. Pa. | July 12, 2022 | December 7, 2022 | 50–42[D 65] | – | – | – |
66 | John Frank Murphy | E.D. Pa. | July 12, 2022 | December 7, 2022 | 63–28[D 66] | – | – | – |
67 | Jerry W. Blackwell | D. Minn. | June 15, 2022 | December 7, 2022 | 51–43[D 67] | – | – | – |
68 | Jeffery P. Hopkins | S.D. Ohio | August 1, 2022 | December 8, 2022 | 64–32[D 68] | – | – | – |
** | Natasha C. Merle | E.D.N.Y. | January 19, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Hernán D. Vera | C.D. Cal. | September 20, 2021[Rn 2] | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Jessica G. L. Clarke | S.D.N.Y. | December 15, 2021 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Nusrat Jahan Choudhury | E.D.N.Y. | January 19, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Tiffany M. Cartwright | W.D. Wash. | January 19, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Ana C. Reyes | D.D.C. | May 19, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Gina R. Méndez-Miró | D.P.R. | June 15, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Margaret R. Guzman | D. Mass. | July 13, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Jamal Whitehead | W.D. Wash. | July 13, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Jamar K. Walker | E.D. Va. | July 13, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Kymberly Evanson | W.D. Wash. | July 13, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Robert S. Ballou | W.D. Va. | July 13, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Matthew L. Garcia | D.N.M. | July 14, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Adrienne Nelson | D. Ore. | July 14, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Daniel Calabretta | E.D. Cal. | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Araceli Martinez-Olguin | N.D. Cal. | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Myong J. Joun | D. Mass. | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Colleen Lawless | C.D. Ill. | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
** | Lindsay C. Jenkins | N.D. Ill. | September 19, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Dale Ho | S.D.N.Y. | September 30, 2021[Rn 2] | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Kenly Kiya Kato | C.D. Cal. | December 15, 2021 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | William Pocan | E.D. Wis. | December 15, 2021 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Jorge Alberto Rodriguez | N.D.N.Y. | July 13, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Andrew G. Schopler | S.D. Cal. | July 14, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | James E. Simmons Jr. | S.D. Cal. | July 14, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Julia Kobick | D. Mass. | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Rita F. Lin | N.D. Cal. | August 1, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Gordon Gallagher | D. Colo. | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Jonathan J.C. Grey | E.D. Mich. | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Orelia Merchant | E.D.N.Y | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | P. Casey Pitts | N.D. Cal. | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Ramon Reyes | E.D.N.Y. | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Arun Subramanian | S.D.N.Y. | September 6, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Charnelle Marie Bjelkengren | E.D. Wash. | September 19, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Todd E. Edelman | D.D.C. | September 27, 2022[Rn 9] | – | – | – | – | – |
* | Scott Colom | N.D. Miss. | November 15, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |
* Denotes nomination pending before the Senate Judiciary Committee ** Denotes nomination awaiting final confirmation by the full Senate
# | Judge | Nomination date |
Confirmation date |
Confirmation vote |
Began active service |
Ended active service |
Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Armando O. Bonilla | July 13, 2021[Rn 10] | December 18, 2021 | voice vote[FC 1] | February 17, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
2 | Carolyn N. Lerner | July 13, 2021 | December 18, 2021 | voice vote[FC 2] | February 17, 2022 | Incumbent | – |
** Denotes nomination reported by the Senate Armed Services Committee * Denotes nomination pending before the Senate Armed Services Committee
# | Judge | Nomination date |
Confirmation date |
Confirmation vote |
Began active service |
Ended active service |
Ended senior status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
** | M. Tia Johnson | January 7, 2022 | – | – | – | – | – |