You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 54.163.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪Blablubbs‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 17:28, 10 March 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 18:27, 12 November 2023
- Expiry of block: 18:27, 12 November 2028
Your current IP address is 54.163.179.242. The blocked range is 54.163.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((Short description|Training institute of the Indian Armed Forces))
((redirect|National Defence Academy))
((for|the admission test to NDA|National Defence Academy and Naval Academy Examination))
((More citations needed|date=October 2019))
((Use dmy dates|date=January 2018))
((Use Indian English|date = June 2019))
((Infobox university
 | name                   = National Defence Academy
 | image_name             = File:Sudan Building NDA Logo.jpg
 | caption                = NDA logo on the Sudan building of the campus
 | motto                  = Sēvā paramō dharma
 | mottoeng               = ''Service Before Self''
 | established            = ((start date and age|1949|12|07|df=yes))
 | type                   = [[Military academies in India|Defence Service]] training institute
 | head_label             = [[List of Commandants of the National Defence Academy|Commandant]]
 | head                   = [[Vice admiral (India)|Vice Admiral]] [[Ajay Kochhar]], [[AVSM]], [[Nao Sena Medal|NM]]<ref>((cite web |title=CHANGE AT THE HELM : VICE ADMIRAL AJAY KOCHHAR, AVSM, NM ASSUMES THE APPOINTMENT OF COMMANDANT NATIONAL DEFENCE ACDAEMY |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1812511 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=2 April 2022 |date=1 April 2022))</ref>
 | city                   = Khadakwasla, [[Pune]]
 | state                  = Maharashtra
 | country                = India
 | coordinates            = ((coord|18|25|20|N|73|45|55|E|display=inline,title))
 | undergrad              = 
 | postgrad               = 
 | administrative_staff   = 
 | affiliations           = [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]
 | campus                 = ((convert|7015|acre|km2))
 | mascot                 = 
 | free_label             = 
 | free                   = bak
 | colors                 = Maroon<ref name=nda-sacred>((cite web |url=http://nda.nic.in/html/nda-sacred-symbols.html |title=Sacred Symbols |publisher=National Defence Academy |access-date=2011-05-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721051838/http://nda.nic.in/html/nda-sacred-symbols.html |archive-date=21 July 2011 |df=dmy-all ))</ref> <br /> ((Color box|maroon))
 | website                = [http://nda.nic.in nda.nic.in]
 | native_name            = <!-- No native name as per [[WP:NOINDICSCRIPTS]] -->
 | motto_lang             = Sanskrit
))

The '''National Defence Academy''' ('''NDA''') is the joint [[Military|defence service]] training institute of the [[Indian Armed Forces]], where [[cadets]] of the [[Indian Army]], [[Indian Navy]], and [[Indian Air Force]] train together before they go on to their respective service academy for further pre-commission training. The NDA is located in Khadakwasla, [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]]. It is the first tri-service academy in the world.

The alumni of NDA include 3 [[Param Vir Chakra]] recipients and 12 [[Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)|Ashoka Chakra]] recipients. NDA has also produced 27 service Chiefs of Staff till date. The current Chiefs of Staff of the [[Indian Army|Army]], the [[Indian Navy|Navy]], and the [[Indian Air Force|Air Force]] are all NDA alumni from the same course.<ref name=":4">((Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/for-second-time-in-history-all-three-chiefs-to-be-from-same-nda-course-13193|title=For second time in history, all three Chiefs to be from same NDA course|last=Mohan|first=Vijay|date=17 December 2019|website=Tribune India|access-date=2019-12-18))</ref><ref Name="NDA">((cite web|url=http://nda.nic.in/chief-of-staff.html |title=:: Welcome to National Defence Academy ::|publisher=nda.nic.in|access-date=10 December 2013))</ref> The 145th course graduated on 30 November 2023, consisting of 188 Army cadets, 38 Naval cadets, 37 Air Force cadets and 20 cadets from friendly foreign countries.<ref name="battle">((Cite web |date=30 November 2019 |others=PTI |title=Cadets Pass Out From National Defence Academy |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1928224 |access-date=2019-12-13 |website=NDTV))</ref> The [[Supreme Court of India]] passed an order in August 2021 that allowed female candidates to appear for the all upcoming NDA entrance examination.<ref>((Cite web|last=Livemint|date=2021-08-18|title=Supreme Court allows women to appear for NDA exam|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/supreme-court-allows-women-to-appear-for-nda-exam-11629268208560.html|access-date=2021-09-18|website=mint|language=en))</ref>

==History==
[[File:National Defence Academy 1999 stamp.jpg|thumb|left|A 1999 stamp dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the National Defence Academy, featuring its ''Sudan Block'']]
At the end of the [[World War II]], Field Marshal [[Claude Auchinleck]], then Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army, drawing on experiences of the army during the war, led a committee around the world and submitted a report to the [[Government of India]] in December 1946. The committee recommended the establishment of a Joint Services Military Academy, with training modelled on the [[United States Military Academy]] at West Point.<ref name="nda-history">((cite web|url=http://nda.nic.in/html/nda-history.html|title=History Of NDA|website=National Defence Academy|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419101915/http://www.nda.nic.in/html/nda-history.html|archive-date=19 April 2012|access-date=2012-08-13|df=dmy-all))</ref>

After the [[independence of India]] in August 1947, the Chiefs of Staff Committee immediately implemented the recommendations of the Auchinleck report. The committee initiated an action plan in late 1947 to commission a permanent defence academy and began the search for a suitable site. It also decided to set up an interim training academy, known as the ''Joint Services Wing'' (JSW), which was commissioned on 1 January 1949 at the ''Armed Forces Academy'' (now known as the [[Indian Military Academy]]) in [[Dehradun]].((Sfn|Ramunny|1997|p=88))<ref name="nda-history" /> Initially, after two years of training at the JSW, Army cadets went on to the Military wing of the ''Armed Forces Academy'' for two years of further pre-commission training, while the Navy and Air Force cadets were sent to [[Britannia Royal Naval College|Britannia Royal Naval College Dartmouth]] and [[Royal Air Force College Cranwell]] in the United Kingdom for further training.<ref name="nda-history" />

In 1941, [[Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow|Lord Linlithgow]], the then [[Viceroy of India]], received a gift of £100,000 from a grateful [[Sudan]]ese Government towards building a war memorial in recognition of the sacrifices of Indian troops in the liberation of Sudan in the [[East African campaign (World War II)|East African campaign]] during [[World War II]]. Following [[partition of India|partition]], India's share amounted to £70,000 (Rs 14 Lakh at the time; the remaining £30,000 went to Pakistan).<ref name=":3">((Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/sudan-ambassador-visits-historic-block-at-nda/articleshow/57456675.cms|title=Sudan ambassador visits historic block at NDA|date=4 March 2017|website=The Times of India|access-date=2019-12-15))</ref> The Indian Army decided to use these funds to partly cover the cost of construction of the NDA.<ref name=":3" /> The foundation stone for the academy was laid by then [[Prime Minister of India]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] on 6 October 1949.<ref name=":3" /> Construction started in October 1949. The revised estimated cost for the whole project was Rs 6.45 crores respectively.<ref>PARLIAMENT SECRETARIAT (2 March 1954) [https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/55676/1/lsd_01_06_02-03-1954.pdf PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES, HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE, OFFICIAL REPORT (Part Il—Proceedings other than Questions and Answers) VOLUME 1-1954]. page 14. New Delhi</ref><ref>https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/55676/1/lsd_01_06_02-03-1954.pdf page 15</ref> The [[National Defence Academy]] was formally commissioned on 7 December 1954, with an inauguration ceremony held on 16 January 1955.<ref name=":1"/><ref name="bharat">((cite web|url=http://www.bharatonline.com/maharashtra/travel/pune/national-defence-academy.html |title=National Defence Academy Khadakwasla, Pune, India |publisher=Bharatonline.com |access-date=13 August 2012))</ref>((Better source needed|date=August 2021)) The 10th JSW program was transferred from Clement Town, Dehradun to NDA Khadakwasla.It is the first tri-service academy in the world.

==Campus==
[[File:Sudan Block.jpg|thumb|right|Sudan Block, National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla, Pune]]
[[File:Aerial view of the National Defence Academy, Pune.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of the Sudan Block of the Academy]]
The NDA campus is located about 17&nbsp;km south-west of [[Pune]] city, north-west of Khadakwasla Lake with the [[Sinhagad Fort]] providing a panoramic backdrop.<ref name="nda-history" /> It spans ((convert|7015|acre|km2)) of the ((convert|8022|acre|km2))<ref name=":2">((Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/getahead/2008/apr/21army.htm|title=Careers in the Army: How you can sign up|last=Kumar|first=Navin|date=21 April 2008|website=Rediff|access-date=2019-12-14))</ref> donated by the Government of former Bombay State. While many states had offered land for a permanent place for the Academy, Bombay got the honour, donating the most land including a lake and neighboring hilly terrain.((Sfn|Ramunny|1997|p=94)) The site was also chosen for its proximity to the [[Arabian Sea]] and other military establishments, an operational air base nearby at [[Lohagaon]] as well as the salubrious climate. The existence of an old combined-forces training center and a disused ''mock'' landing ship, ''HMS Angostura'', on the north bank of the Khadakwasla lake which had been used to train troops for amphibious landings, lent additional leverage for the selection of the site.<ref name="nda-history" />
[[File:Sinhagad Panorama.jpg|thumb|View from [[Sinhagad Fort]], a backdrop for NDA|alt=]]
The administrative headquarters of the NDA was named the ''Sudan Block'', in honour of the sacrifices of Indian soldiers in the Sudan theatre during the [[East African campaign (World War II)|East African campaign]]. It was inaugurated by then Ambassador of Sudan to India, Rahmatullah Abdulla, on 30 May 1959.<ref name=":3" /> The building is a three-storey basalt and granite structure constructed with Jodhpur red sandstone. Its architecture features an exterior design comprising a blend of arches, pillars and verandahs, topped by a dome. The foyer has white Italian marble flooring and panelling on the interior walls.<ref name=":3" />
NDA has an excellent infrastructure for all-round training of cadets and a vast array of facilities like spacious and well-maintained classrooms, well-equipped labs, three Olympic size swimming pools, gymnasiums, 32 football fields, two polo grounds, a cricket stadium and a number of squash and tennis courts.<ref name=":5" /> The academic year is divided into two terms, viz. Spring (January to May) and Autumn (July to December). A cadet must undergo training for a total of six terms before graduating from the NDA.

== Administration ==

===Commandants===
((main|Commandant of the National Defence Academy))
The Commandant of the National Defence Academy is the head and overall in-charge of the academy. The Commandant is a [[three-star rank]] officer from the three Services in rotation.<ref name=":0">((Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/outdated-courses-to-rampant-ragging-why-indias-national-defence-academy-needs-urgent-help/264363/|title=Outdated courses to rampant ragging: Why India's National Defence Academy needs urgent help|last=Panag|first=Lt Gen H. S.|date=2019-07-18|website=ThePrint|access-date=2019-12-13|quote="...Lieutenant General or equivalent is appointed as the Commandant."))</ref> [[Major General]] [[Thakur Mahadeo Singh]], [[Distinguished Service Order (Military)|DSO]] was the first commandant of JSW at IMA. [[Major General]] [[Enaith Habibullah]] was the last head of the JSW and the First Commandant of NDA at Pune. [[Vice Admiral]] [[Ajay Kochhar]], AVSM, NM is the present commandant.

===Procedure for the selection of Cadets===
Applicants to the NDA are selected via a written exam conducted by the [[Union Public Service Commission|UPSC]] every year, followed by extensive interviews by the [[Services Selection Board]] covering [[Logical reasoning|general aptitude]], [[psychological testing]], team skills, leadership qualities as well as [[Social skills|physical and social skills]], along with [[medical test]]s. Incoming classes are accepted twice a year for semesters starting in July and January. About 4,00,000 applicants sit for each written exam every year. Typically, about 6,300 of these are invited to interview and finally 300-350 are selected to attend the course. The minimum age should be ((frac|16|1|2)) years and maximum age should be ((frac|19|1|2)) years. The  number of students who were admitted to the Joint Services Wing of the National Defence Academy during 1953-54 is 572. Total application received in UPSC 6,061.<ref>https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/55676/1/lsd_01_06_02-03-1954.pdf Page 24</ref>((Additional citation needed|date=August 2021))

Applicants who join the Air Force through the flying branch also go through a test called Computerized Pilot Selection System or CPSS for short.<ref>((Cite web|title=CPSS (Computerized Pilot selection System) ((!)) Minerva Academy - SSB Interview & Written Examination Coaching|url=https://www.minervaacademy.com/cpss-computerized-pilot-selection-system|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.minervaacademy.com))</ref>

Cadets who are accepted and successfully complete the program are sent to their respective training academies for one year of training before granting of commission: army cadets go to [[Indian Military Academy]] (IMA) at [[Dehradun]], air force cadets to [[Air Force Academy (India)|Air Force Academy]] (AFA) at [[Dundigal]], Hyderabad, and naval cadets to [[Indian Naval Academy]] (INA) at [[Ezhimala]], Kerala.<ref name=ia-join>((cite web|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/writereaddata/documents/nda-joining-instruction.pdf|date=4 May 2009|title=MISSION OF NATIONAL DEFENCE ACADEMY|access-date=10 December 2014))</ref>

==Squadrons and Battalions==
A cadet is allotted to one of the 18 Squadrons.<ref name=":5">((Cite web|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2019/columnists/a-ride-into-military-school.html|title=A ride into military school|last=Mehta|first=Ashok K|date=23 October 2019|website=The Pioneer|access-date=2020-01-02))</ref>

*No. 1 Battalion: Alpha Squadron, Bravo Squadron, Charlie Squadron and Delta Squadron.
*No. 2 Battalion: Echo Squadron, Foxtrot Squadron, Golf Squadron and Hunter Squadron.
*No. 3 Battalion: India Squadron, Juliet Squadron, Kilo Squadron and Lima Squadron.
*No. 4 Battalion: Mike Squadron, November Squadron, Oscar Squadron and Panther Squadron.
*No 5 Battalion: Quebec Squadron, Romeo Squadron

Each squadron has approximately 100 to 120 cadets drawn from senior as well as junior courses under training in the Academy.

As the number of cadets joining the NDA increased annually, the Defence Ministry of India sanctioned the raising of 16th, 17th and 18th squadrons in 2012, with the initial letter of their names being "P", "Q" and "R" respectively. <ref>((cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/with-quebec-&-romeo-nda-squadron-strength-up-to-18/919796/|title=With Quebec & Romeo, NDA squadron strength up to 18|date=4 March 2012|publisher=Indian Express|access-date=13 August 2012))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/new-squadron-wins-honours-in-nda-cross-country-race/914212/0|title=New squadron wins honours in NDA cross country race|date=20 February 2012|publisher=Indian Express|access-date=13 August 2012))</ref>

The prestigious Inter Squadron Championship Trophy is awarded to the best squadron. The champion squadron has the proud tradition of possession of the Champion banner for one term, which is carried during the parade and other sports meets. Each squadron has its own nickname, an individual identity with a richly textured history and mascot. The rudimentary import of the NDA's motto "Service before Self" is first taught in the environs of the squadron, where a cadet learns the importance of putting the squadron's requirements well above his own.((Citation needed|date=August 2021))

== Academy honour code ==
The cadets in the NDA live by a strict honour code which guides them through their rigorous training schedule.

== Academy prayer ==
[[File:NDA Prayer.png|thumb|325x325px|NDA Prayer]]
The NDA Prayer is religion [[Agnosticism|agnostic]]. Rather than praying to God of any specific religion, the prayer has been modeled to seek blessings for performing duty to the country and remain morally straight. The prayer also seeks blessings for granting opportunities of service to the country and the men the cadets would go on to lead and over all to place 'service before self'.

==Curriculum==
===Academics<ref>((Cite web|date=2015-10-14|title=Naval cadets at NDA to get BTech degree|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/naval-cadets-at-nda-to-get-btech-degree/|access-date=2021-12-25|website=The Indian Express|language=en))</ref>===
The NDA offers only a full-time, residential undergraduate program. Cadets are awarded a [[Baccalaureate degree]] (a ''[[Bachelor of Arts]]'' or a ''[[Bachelor of Science]])'' and a ''[[Bachelor of Technology]]'' degree for Naval Cadets after 3 years of study. Naval cadets complete their fourth year of B.Tech from [[Indian Naval Academy]], while Air Force cadets complete their fourth year of B.Tech from the [[Air Force Academy (India)|Indian Air Force Academy]]. Further, the Cadets have a choice of two streams of study. The ''Science'' stream offers studies in [[physics]], [[chemistry]], [[mathematics]] and [[computer science]]. The ''[[Humanities]]'' (Liberal Arts) stream offers studies in [[history]], [[economics]], [[political science]], [[geography]] and [[language]]s.

In both streams, academic studies are split into three categories.
* In the ''Compulsory Course'', cadets study [[English language|English]], Foreign Languages ([[Arabic]], [[Chinese language|Chinese]], [[French language|French]] or [[Russian language|Russian]]), physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science, history, political science, economics and geography. Note that all cadets must take basic classes in all these subjects except foreign languages. Cadets then take advanced classes depending on their chosen stream.
* The ''Foundation Course'' is mandatory and comprises ''Military Studies'' and ''General Studies''. Subjects such as [[military history]], [[military geography]], [[Weapons systems|weapons systems and armaments]], etc. are covered in Military Studies. Subjects such as [[geopolitics]], [[human rights]], [[Laws of Armed Conflict]] and [[environmental science]]s are covered in General Studies.
* The ''Optional Course'' focuses on subjects specific to the cadet's chosen Service.

Cadets spend the first four semesters on the ''Compulsory Course'' and the ''Foundation Course''. They take the ''Optional Course'' during the fifth and sixth semesters. They may transfer to other Service academies for the optional courses.

===Training===
All the cadets joining the NDA after their 10+2 Examination are trained in the Academy for three years culminating in graduation with [[Bachelor of Arts|''Bachelor of arts'']] or a [[Bachelor of Science|''Bachelor's of science'']] or BCs (Computer Science) degree of [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]] & [[University of Delhi]]; the first course to be awarded degrees was the 46th course in 1974.<ref name=":1"/><ref>((cite news |last1=PTI |title=NDA cadets conferred with JNU degrees |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/nda-cadets-conferred-jnu-degrees-5472780/ |access-date=23 October 2019 |agency=The Indian Express |date=30 November 2018))</ref> Apart from academic training they are also trained in outdoor skills, like [[Military parade|Drill]], [[Physical training|PT]] and games; apart from one of the foreign languages up to the lower B1 level (according to the international standards).((Citation needed|date=August 2021))

===Joint service training===

==== Air Force ====

The Air Force Training Team (AFTT)<ref name=":1">((Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-national-defence-academy-a-shining-jewel-among-military-training-institutions-1576036|title=National Defence Academy: A shining jewel among military training institutions|last=Chandawarkar|first=Rahul|date=2011-08-15|website=DNA India|language=en|access-date=2019-12-14))</ref> aims at training Air Force cadets in the basics of military aviation through ground training and flying training. Ground training is conducted with the help of modern training aids, aircraft models, and cross-sectional models of aero-engines and ng((Sentence fragment|date=August 2021)) consists of a minimum of eight sorties on the Super Dimona aircraft. Cadets also get exposure to deflection firing through [[Skeet shooting]]. Visits to key Air Force training establishments, Air Force Stations, and civil aviation centers are also undertaken to give cadets first-hand experience of aviation activities. Visits to [[Air Force Academy (India)|Air Force Academy]], Air Wing at Indian Armament Technology, Air Base at Pune, and [[College of Military Engineering, Pune|College of Military Engineering]] are organized to enable the Air Force cadets to appreciate the Air Force aspects. Flying training at the AFTT is fully backed by an Automatic Weather Station, Air Traffic Control Station, a paved runway, and dispersal for six aircraft.

The AFTT was formed towards the end of 1956. The aim of the AFTT is to introduce the VI Term cadets to gliding and allied professional subjects, which in turn prepares them for their professional training in the Air Force flying establishments. Over the last 60 years, gliding training has evolved into flying training. Five different classes of gliders were acquired by the Academy since 1957. They are [[Slingsby T.21|Sedberg T-21B]], Baby Eon, [[EoN Olympia|Eon Olympica]], [[Civil Aviation Department RG-1 Rohini|Rohini]] and [[Hindustan Ardhra|Ardhra gliders]]. All these gliders with the exception of the Baby Eon and Eon Olympics were utilized in the flying training of the cadets.

The Sedberg T-21B was the mainstay of the AFTT in glider flying with each cadet being permitted a total of 60 training launches, after which 2-3 mandatory Solo Check launches were flown with the Chief Flying Instructor (CFI). Cadets cleared for solo flying flew one solo trip on the glider and were then formally awarded their 'Wings', exactly half the size of the official Indian Air Force wings, which were worn above the left shirt pocket of their formal uniforms. Sandbags were used as ballast in place of the absent instructor.

The cadet who went solo with the lowest number of launches was usually awarded the Best In Gliding Trophy on the Guest Dining-in Night, one night prior to the Passing Out Parade. The Air Force cadet who stood first in Ground Subjects was awarded the Sqn Ldr Vasudev Memorial Book Prize that same night.

The induction of [[Diamond HK36 Super Dimona|Super Dimona]] in 2001 is a watershed moment in the history of AFTT introducing a huge jump in the quality of training. A [[Aerodrome|"gliderdrome]]" runway was widened to 100’ and extended to 5000’ from earlier dimensions of 50’X 3000’ which is maintained within the premises of the NDA by the AFTT. The Air Force cadets of the academy now learn the basics of flying training at this facility on the [[Diamond HK36 Super Dimona|Diamond Super Dimona HK36]] aircraft.<ref name="Air Force Training Team">((cite web|url=http://www.nda.nic.in/aftt.html|title=Air Force Training Team|website=www.nda.nic.in|access-date=2 July 2016))</ref>((Failed verification|date=August 2021))

==== Army ====
Cadets are imparted with basic military skills of weapon handling, firing, field engineering, tactics and map reading. The learning imparted acts as a foundation for the army cadets for their further training at IMA and various service courses. The method of training imparted is both theoretical and practical which includes classes, lectures and demonstrations and exercises for further application of acquired knowledge on the ground.
[[File:Army Training Team.jpg|thumb]]

Camp Green Horn<ref name=":2" /> is conducted during the second term for cadets. Camp Rover<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/getahead/slide-show/slide-show-1-specials-pics-inside-the-worlds-toughest-military-camp/20110922.htm|title=PICS: Inside the world's toughest military camp|last=Mande|first=Abhishek|date=22 September 2011|website=Rediff|access-date=2019-12-14))</ref><ref name=":2" /> is conducted during the fourth term for cadets.

In the sixth term Camp Torna,<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> "''recalling the first victory of [[Shivaji]], a teenager''"<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7KaDAAAQBAJ&q=Camp+Torna&pg=PA30|title=Living Life Loving Life|last=Sawant|first=Brig Chitranjan|date=19 January 2021|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|isbn=978-81-8430-399-5|pages=30|language=en))</ref> is conducted, where practical aspects are reinforced in simulated field conditions. The cadets are provided with opportunities to demonstrate leadership qualities in various tactical situations.

=== Navy ===

The Naval Training Team (NTT)<ref name=":1" /> is the oldest of the Training Teams at the NDA. The main task of the Naval Training Team is to train V and VI term naval cadets on Specialist Service Subjects both theoretical and practical.<ref name=":6">((Cite web|url=https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/pune/civic/Army-air-force-cadets-to-get-naval-training-as-well/articleshow/45693899.cms|title=Army, air force cadets to get naval training as well|last=Dighe|first=Sandip|date=31 December 2014|website=Pune Mirror|access-date=2020-01-02))</ref> Naval cadets on completion of their 3 years of training go to [[Indian Naval Academy]] (INA) as their finishing academy for 1 year, where they commence their M.Sc degree along with cadets of INA who will be doing B.Tech. From 2015 army and air force cadets get naval training as well.<ref name=":6" />

The major emphasis is laid on Navigation, Seamanship and Communication. A total of 328 theoretical classes are conducted for VI term naval cadets. Theoretical instructions are imparted in the class room at NTT and [[Peacock Bay]] by using modern teaching methodology where-in [[3D modeling|3D models]], [[Computer-assisted instruction|Computer Assisted Instruction]] (CAI) and [[Computer based training|Computer Based Training]] (CBT) packages, scaled down models are used. Practical instructions are imparted in the Watermanship Training Centre at Peacock bay during regular periods and during club days. TS [[Ronald Lynsdale Pereira|Ronnie Pereira]], the in-house scale model of a warship helps in imparting training.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/budding-naval-officers-get-hands-on-experience-at-national-defence-academy/articleshow/58570032.cms|title=Budding naval officers get hands-on experience at National Defence Academy|last=Dighe|first=Sandip|date=8 May 2017|website=The Times of India|access-date=2020-01-02))</ref>

In order to orient the cadets to the navy, an orientation visit to Mumbai is conducted prior to the commencement of service training; during which the cadets visit various class of ships, submarines, shop floors, repair facilities etc. As part of the visit the naval cadets are sent to NBCD School to acquaint with fire fighting, damage control aspects. Further, to inculcate competitive spirit and adventurism amongst the cadets, VI term naval cadets are sent to Naval Academy, Ezhimala to take part in Open Sea Whaler Sailing Expedition and interact with their counterparts at the INA.
[[File:Naval Training Team.jpg|thumb]]

Camp Varuna during the middle of the term to get a first-hand experience on board during sailing and Camp Varuna II at the end of the term to put the theoretical knowledge acquired at NTT into practical use during the three days' sailing. Watermanship Training Centre includes Yachting, Kayaking, Windsurfing, Rowing, Water-skiing, Ship Modeling.<ref name=":6" />

== Passing out ==
[[File:NDA Passing Out Parade-6.jpg|thumb|Passing Out Parade at the National Defence Academy on 30 November 2022.]]
On 30 May 2023, the [[Passing out (military)|passing-out parade]] of the 144th course of the Academy was held with  cadets((Efn|214 Army cadets, 36 Naval cadets, 106 Air Force cadets and 19 cadets from friendly foreign countries.<ref name="battle"/>)) graduating.<ref name="battle" /> Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of India, General [[Anil Chauhan]] was the chief guest for the occasion.<ref name="battle" />

==Alumni==
((main|List of National Defence Academy alumni))

Alumni of the academy have led and fought in every major conflict in which India has participated since the academy was established. They have an illustrious record of numerous gallantry awards and achieving 3 [[Param Vir Chakra]]s, 31 [[Maha Vir Chakra]]s, 160 [[Vir Chakra]], 12 [[Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)|Ashok Chakra]]s, 40 [[Kirti Chakra]]s and 135 [[Shaurya Chakra]]s.<ref name=rakesh-sharma>((cite web|url=http://www.nda.nic.in/nda_other_tourist_places.html|title=National Defence Academy, NDA Pune Alumni))</ref>((Failed verification|date=August 2021)) 11 [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chiefs of Army Staff]], 10 [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chiefs of Naval Staff]] and 4 [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chiefs of Air Staff]] of the Indian Armed Forces have been NDA alumni .<ref name=nda-chiefs>((cite web |url=http://nda.nic.in/html/nda-chiefs-of-staff.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023064322/http://nda.nic.in/html/nda-chiefs-of-staff.html |archive-date=23 October 2007 |url-status=dead |title=National Defence Academy, NDA Pune &#124; Arjuna Award Winners from NDA |access-date=10 December 2014 |df=dmy-all ))</ref><ref name=":4" />

==In the media==
''The Standard Bearers'', a [[Documentary film|documentary]] directed and written by Dipti Bhalla and Kunal Verma provides an inside look into the history and operations of the NDA. Another documentary film, ''My Flag, My Life'', written by Ambarnath Sinha and directed by Nandan Khuhyadi and Sanjay Dabke, provides details about the life of NDA cadets, and is intended to create awareness about a career in the armed forces among the young generation.<ref name="ps.c">((cite web|title='My Flag My Life', a Film insipers Youth to Join the Forces|url=http://www.punesite.com/my-flag-my-life-a-film-to-inspire-youth-to-join-the-forces.html|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829124749/http://www.punesite.com/my-flag-my-life-a-film-to-inspire-youth-to-join-the-forces.html|archive-date=29 August 2018|access-date=13 August 2012|publisher=punesite.com))</ref><ref name=toij28>((cite news|title=Now, a film to inspire youth to join the forces|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-28/pune/28209420_1_film-defence-forces-career-options|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618064917/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-28/pune/28209420_1_film-defence-forces-career-options|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 June 2013|access-date=13 August 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=28 July 2009))</ref>((Verify source|date=August 2021)) Books depicting NDA include the [[Fiction|fictional]] "''Boots Belts Berets''" by Tanushree Podder, which is also being adapted into a [[web series]].<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/boots-belts-berets-to-be-turned-into-web-series-119061201124_1.html|title='Boots Belts Berets' to be turned into web series|last=IANS|date=2019-06-12|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2019-12-14))</ref> [[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] reported that over 1200 cadets quit NDA in ten years between January 2008 and November 2017.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/more-than-1200-cadets-quit-nda-in-last-10-years-due-to-ragging-torture-excessive/306441|title=More Than 1,200 Cadets Quit NDA In Last 10 Years Due To Ragging, Torture, Excessive Punishment: Report|date=5 January 2018|website=Outlook India|access-date=2020-01-02))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Indian National Defence University]]
* [[Military academies in India|Military Academies in India]]
* [[Sainik School]]
* [[Indonesian Army Command and General Staff College]]

== Notes and references ==
=== Notes ===
((reflist|group=lower-alpha))

=== References ===
((reflist|2))

=== Bibliography ===
((refbegin|))
*((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N6PLszPsPosC&q=national+defence+academy&pg=PA88|title=The Sky was the Limit|last=Ramunny|first=Wing Commander Murkot|publisher=Northern Book Centre|year=1997|isbn=8172110847|location=New Delhi|pages=Chapter 7))
((refend))

((commons category|National Defence Academy))
* ((Official website))

((Indian military academies and colleges))
((authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:National Defence Academy))
[[Category:Defence agencies of India]]
[[Category:Military academies of India]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1954]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Pune]]
[[Category:1954 establishments in Bombay State]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

National Defence Academy (edit)
National Defence Academy (India) (edit)
Template:Additional citation needed (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Better source needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Both (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Br separated entries (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite news (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Color box (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Comma separated entries (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Commons category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Coord (view source) (protected)
Template:Country data India (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (protected)
Template:Efn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Failed verification (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Flagicon (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Flagicon/core (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:For (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Frac (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fraction (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fraction/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Greater color contrast ratio (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:If empty (view source) (protected)
Template:Indian military academies and colleges (edit)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox university (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Legend/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Longitem (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNUMBER (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:Military navigation (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Official website (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Plainlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Redirect (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refend (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Replace (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Sentence fragment (edit)
Template:Sfn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Sister project (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Start date and age (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Time ago (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Trim (view source) (protected)
Template:Use Indian English (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Use dmy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Verify source (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/auxiliary (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for clobbered parameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Color contrast (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Color contrast/colors (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Coordinates (view source) (protected)
Module:Coordinates/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Date (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/anchor id list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/anchor id list/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/whitelist (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:For (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Format link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Labelled list hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Math (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Military navigation (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Official website (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Redirect hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Time ago (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:URL (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:WPMILHIST Infobox style (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to National Defence Academy (India).

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Defence_Academy_(India)"