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((Short description|Heraldic animal))
((More citations needed|date=May 2008))
[[File:Raaja mudra of vijayanagar empire.JPG|thumb|The Royal insignia of the [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara]] kings spots 4 elements – Sun, Moon, Dragger and Boar.]]
[[File:Kongshornet, DMR-167969.jpg|thumb|On the Norwegian "Kongshornet" (The King's Horn) the coat of arms of the old Galte-clan can be seen before it became "[[Galtung (noble family)|Galtung]]" in the times of [[Danish Realm|Danish superiority over Norway]]. The horn is currently in a Danish collection in Copenhagen, and they've refused Norway's request to return it.<ref>((Cite web|last=Braseth|first=Sofie|date=2018-01-30|title=Vil ha norsk kulturskatt tilbake fra Danmark. Slik svarer danskene|url=https://www.dagbladet.no/kultur/vil-ha-norsk-kulturskatt-tilbake-fra-danmark-slik-svarer-danskene/69391500|access-date=2022-02-05|website=dagbladet.no|language=no))</ref> The coat of arms would have been a golden or silver (in the sagas "radiant") boar symbolizing [[Yngling|Ynglinga]] on a blue background, along a shell symbolizing the sea or Christian pilgrimage.((Citation needed|date=June 2022))]]
[[File:Roman tile antefix.jpg|thumb|A Roman Antefix roof tile showing the boar badge and standard of the Twentieth Legion]]
[[File:Berner Chronik Saubannerzug S.881.jpg|thumb|The Swiss ''[[Saubanner]]'' as depicted in the [[Berner Schilling]] (1480s)]]
[[File:Coat of Arms of Malacky.svg|thumb|250px|Coat of arms of [[Malacky]] in [[Slovakia]].|left]][[File:nisbetmemorial.jpg|thumbnail|250px|right|Heraldic boars on the memorial to [[Alexander Nisbet]] in the [[Greyfriars Kirk]], [[Edinburgh]].]]

The wild boar and boar's head are common [[Charge (heraldry)|charges]] in [[heraldry]].

==Early history==
The boar was used as an emblem in some instances during antiquity and the [[Early Middle Ages]] (i.e. predating the development of classical European [[heraldry]]). During the [[Roman Empire]], at least three [[Roman Legion|legions]] are known to have had a boar as their emblems – [[Legio I Italica]], [[Legio X Fretensis]] and [[Legio XX Valeria Victrix]].
The Knocknagael Boar Stone is a well-known [[Pictish stones|Pictish stone]] with a depiction of a boar emblem dating to ca. the 7th century. In this context, the name of [[Orkney]] is interpreted as being derived from ''orc-'', the Celtic for "pig", presumably from a Pictish tribe which had the boar or wild pig as their emblem. The boar also appears as an emblem for [[Germanic peoples]] during the [[Anglo-Saxon period|Anglo-Saxon]], [[Vendel period|Vendel]] and [[Viking period]]s. This is reflected in the [[Germanic boar helmet|boar helmets]] worn in battle, attested in archeological records and both [[Old English]] and [[Old Norse]] written sources. The boar is closely associated with [[Freyr]] and has also been proposed to be a totemic animal to the Swedes, in particular the [[Yngling|Yngling royal dynasty]] who ruled at a cultic centre for the god.<ref name="Kovářová">((cite journal |last1=Kovářová |first1=L. |title=The Swine in Old Nordic Religion and Worldview |journal=Háskóla Íslands |date=2011 |s2cid=154250096 |language=en))</ref>
 
The most familiar Ferguson Clan crest has the three boars on an Azure blue shield with a buckle in the center. Three royal Irish Ferguson brothers originally came to Scotland from Ireland and became the Kings of Dalriada – they battled and married into the Picts uniting Scotland and are considered to be the first kings of Scotland. The three brothers started separate Ferguson family clans in different areas of Scotland and have some difference in their crests but the most common is the three boars crest. This information and more can be found in the History of the Ferguson Clan. ((Citation Needed|date=April 2021))
[[File:Rous Roll - Richard and family.jpg|center|thumb|649x649px|Detail from the [[Rous Roll]] showing King [[Richard III of England|Richard III]] in the centre with his wife [[Anne Neville]] on the left and his son [[Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales|Edward, Prince of Wales]] on the right. Showing his various heraldic crests (St Edward the Confessor, England, Wales, France, Ireland, etc.) and his white boar badge, with the Warwick bear of his wife.]]
With the development of [[heraldry]]  in the [[Late Middle Ages]],  the boar makes an appearance as the  [[White Boar]], [[personal device]] of [[Richard III of England]], used for large numbers of his [[livery badge]]s.<ref>((cite web
|url=http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9015806/boar
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014151721/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9015806/boar
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2007-10-14
|title=boar
|publisher=concise.britannica.com
|access-date=2007-06-21
|quote=In Europe the boar is one of the four heraldic beasts of the chase and was the distinguishing mark of Richard III, king of England.
))</ref>

In the 15th century, a coat of arms of "Tribalia", depicting a wild boar with an arrow pierced through the head (see Boars in heraldry), appeared in the supposed coat of arms of Emperor [[Stefan Dušan]] (r. 1331–1355). The motif had, in 1415, been used as the coat of arms of the [[Serbian Despotate]] and is recalled in one of [[Stefan Lazarević]]'s personal Seals, according to the paper Сабор у Констанци. [[Pavao Ritter Vitezović]] also depicts "Triballia" with the same motif in 1701 and 
[[Hristofor Žefarović]] again in 1741. With the beginning of the [[First Serbian Uprising]] (1804–1813), the Parliament adopted the [[coat of arms of Serbia]] in 1805. Their official seal depicted the heraldic emblems of Serbia and Tribalia.

The [[Buzic]] noble family of [[Bohemia]] used a boar's head as heraldic device from the 14th century, later (as [[Zajíc]]) combined with a hare.

==Early modern and modern examples==
In heraldry of the [[early modern period]], use of a boar's head (rather than the entire animal) became a popular device.
[[Siebmachers Wappenbuch]] (1605) shows a boar in the coat of arms of the [[Schweinichen]] noble family.

Boars, in whole or in part, feature frequently in British heraldry. While a distinction is sometimes made between the wild animal, termed the wild boar or sanglier, and the male of the [[domestic pig]], termed simply the boar, these are not depicted differently from one another in practice. The boar's head is a common charge, and in English heraldry is traditionally shown attached to its neck. In Scottish and Welsh heraldry, however, it terminated behind the ears. In the first case, the boar's head is described as being couped or [[Erasure (heraldry)|erased]] at the neck, while in the latter it is couped or erased close.<ref name="Davies">[[Arthur Fox-Davies]], ''A Complete Guide to Heraldry'', T.C. and E.C. Jack, London, 1909, 199–200, https://archive.org/details/completeguidetoh00foxduoft.</ref>

Modern rulers who have used the boar's head as part of their coats of arms include [[Joseph Bonaparte]] and [[Joachim Murat]].

===Family coats of arms===
In [[Ireland]], boars feature in many coats of arms of the noble families. Three boars are seen on coats of arms of [[Clan Lockhart|Lockhart]], [[Grimsby]], [[Clan Healy|Healy]], and [[James Edward Oglethorpe]]. In addition, the [[Sullivan (surname)|Sullivan]]-Mor coat of arms bears a boar, and the Sullivan-Ber crest has two. The O'Deorain ([[Doran (surname)|Doran]]) clan, being an offshoot of the Sullivans, has a boar upon its crest as well. The Rogan coat of arms features a boar crossing a hilltop. The Healy clan, has three boars' heads. The Purcell clan's coat of arms features four black boars' heads. The McCann coat of arms features a boar as well. The [[Crowley (surname)|Crowley]] coat of arms features a blue boar surrounded by three red crosses. The [[Cassidy (surname)|Cassidy]] coat of arms features a white boar in a red triangular field under two red lions. ((Citation needed|date=December 2020)). The [[O’Hanlon]] family coat of arms features a boar and was used as the Standard Bearer for Orior (present day Ulster). Some Irish [[Keating (surname)|Keating]] families have been granted arms containing a boar going through a holly bush to symbolize toughness and courage((Citation needed|date=December 2020)).

In [[Scotland]], a boar's head is the [[crest (heraldry)|crest]] of [[Clan Campbell]] and [[Clan Innes]]. It appears in both the coat of arms and crest of [[Clan Chisholm]].  Three boars' heads appear in the coats of arms of the related clans [[Clan Swinton|Swinton]], [[Clan Gordon|Gordon]], [[Clan Nesbitt|Nesbitt]] and [[Clan Urquhart|Urquhart]]. Three boars' heads are also used by the unrelated Bannerman clan.

In [[Spain]], the coats of arms of the noble families [[Garmendia]], Urraga, Urrutia, Urieta and Urmeneta have a boar.  Boars, wolves and bears are common charges in [[Basque people|Basque]] armory, especially from [[Guipuzcoa]].

===Cities and Towns===
[[File:Vozdovac-grb-veliki.png|thumb|[[Coat of arms of Triballia|Serbian Triballi boar]] on the Large coat of arms of [[Voždovac]]]]
Boar charges are also often used in [[canting arms|canting]] (heraldic [[pun]]ning). The [[Germany|German]] towns of [[Eberbach (Baden)|Eberbach]]  and [[Ebersbach an der Fils]], both in [[Baden-Württemberg]], and [[Ebersbach, Saxony]] use civic arms that demonstrates this. Each depicts a boar  – ''((lang|de|Eber))'' in [[German language|German]] (and in two cases a wavy [[fess]] or [[bar (heraldry)|bars]] meant to represent a [[stream|brook]] – ''((lang|de|Bach))'' in German).

[[Albano Laziale]] in [[Italy]] is near the site where, according to legend, [[Aeneas]]'s son [[Ascanius]] founded [[Alba Longa]]; the modern city's coat of arms today sports the white (Latin: ''Alba'') boar dreamt by Ascanius before the founding of the city.((Dubious|date=August 2011))
[[Malacky]] in [[Slovakia]] also has a coat of arms with a [[wild boar]]. The name of the city, which was first mentioned in writing in 1206, refers to the word "Malacka" which means "piglet" in the Hungarian ([[Hungarian language|Magyar]]) language.

In [[Serbia]], the [[Municipalities and cities of Serbia|municipalities and cities]] of [[Barajevo]], [[Kragujevac]], [[Lapovo]], [[Lajkovac]], [[Topola]], [[Velika Plana]], and [[Voždovac]] use the [[Coat of arms of Triballia|Triballian boar]] for their larger and/or smaller coat of arms, ether as part of the heraldic shield or as the [[Supporter]] animals on the larger coat of arms. 

===Military and paramilitary badges===
[[File:DEU Eberbach COA.svg|thumb|A wild boar, as shown on the [[Canting arms|canting]] coat of arms of [[Eberbach (Baden)|Eberbach]], [[Germany]] (1976 design)]]
In various armorials, the Serbian coat of arms has featured the pierced head of a wild boar, also known as the [[coat of arms of Triballia]]. The war flag of the [[Serbian revolution]]ary forces during the [[First Serbian Uprising]] featured it together with the [[Serbian cross]]. 
 
[[The Lorne Scots]], a Canadian Army Infantry regiment use the Boar's Head as a symbol due to their affiliation with Clan Campbell.

In [[Belgium]], the wild boar is the symbolic animal of the [[Ardennes]] forests in the south of the country, and is the mascot of one of the [[Belgian Army]]'s premier infantry regiments, the [[Regiment of Ardennian Rifles|Régiment de Chasseurs Ardennais]], the soldiers of which wear a boar's head pin on their [[beret]].((Citation needed|date=December 2007))

==See also==
*[[Wild boar]]
*[[White boar]]

==References==
((reflist))
((Commons category|Boars in heraldry))
((Heraldic creatures))
((Pigs))

[[Category:Boars in heraldry| ]]
[[Category:Heraldic beasts]]
[[Category:Mythological pigs]]

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