Livvi-Karelian | |
---|---|
Ливви livvi | |
Native to | Russia, Finland |
Region | between Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega, northward of Svir River, Karelia |
Native speakers | 14,100–25,000 (2000–2010)[1] |
Latin (Karelian alphabet) | |
Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | olo |
Glottolog | livv1243 |
ELP | Livvi |
![]() Olonetsian is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010) |
Livvi-Karelian[4] (Alternate names: Liygi, Livvi, Livvikovian, Olonets, Southern Olonetsian, Karelian; Russian: ливвиковский язык, romanized: Livvikovskoye narechiye)[4][5] is a dialect of the Karelian language, which is a Finnic language of the Uralic family,[6] spoken by Olonets Karelians (self-appellation livvi, livgilaizet), traditionally inhabiting the area between Ladoga and Onega lakes, northward of Svir River. The name "Olonets Karelians" is derived from the territory inhabited, Olonets Krai, named after the town of Olonets, named after the Olonka River.
Before World War II, Livvi-Karelian was spoken both in Russia and in Finland, in the easternmost part of Finnish Karelia. After Finland was forced to cede large parts of Karelia to the USSR after the war, the Finnish Livvi-Karelian population was resettled in Finland. Today there are still native speakers of Livvi-Karelian living scattered throughout Finland, but all areas in which Livvi-Karelian remains a community language are found in Russia.
Speakers of Livvi-Karelian may be found mainly in Olonetsky, Pryazhinsky, Pitkyarantsky, and partly Suoyarvsky districts of the Republic of Karelia.[7]
Livvi-Karelian long remained relatively uninfluenced by the Russian language despite the large influx of Russians following the founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703.[citation needed]
Front | Back | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
rnd. | urnd. | rnd. | urnd. | |
Close | i iː | y yː | u uː | |
Mid | e | ø | o | |
Open | æ | ɑ |
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | pal. | ||||||
Plosive | voiceless | p | t | tʲ | k | ||
voiced | b | d | dʲ | ɡ | |||
Affricate | voiceless | t͡s | t͡ʃ | ||||
voiced | d͡ʒ | ||||||
Fricative | voiceless | (f) | s | ʃ | (x) | h | |
voiced | z | ʒ | |||||
Nasal | m | n | (ŋ) | ||||
Approximant | ʋ | l | j | ||||
Rhotic | r |
Livvi-Karelian and its grammatical cases are quite similar to the Finnish language.
The word 'food' in Livvi-Karelian cases:[9]
case | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nom. | syömine | syömizet |
gen. | syömizen | syömizien |
par. | syömisty | syömizii |
ine. | syömizes | syömizis |
ill. | syömizeh | syömizih |
ela. | syömizes | syömizis |
ade. | syömizel | syömizil |
abe. | syömizettäh | syömizittäh |
all. | syömizele | syömizile |
abl. | syömizel | syömizil |
ess. | syömizenny | syömizinny |
tra. | syömizekse | syömizikse |
com. | syömizen | syömizienke |
prol. | syömizeči | syömiziči |
term. | syömizessäh | syömizissäh |
approx. | syömizellyö | syömiziellyö |
acc. | syömine | syömizet |
Hello! - Terveh!
How are you? - Kuibo dielot?
Good night! - Hyviä yödy!
Good afternoon! - Hyviä päiviä!
Do you speak Karelian? - Pagizetgo (sinä) karjalakse?
I'm sorry. - Minul on žiäli.
You're welcome. - Ole hyvä.
I love you. - Suvaičen sinuu.
Goodbye. - Jiä tervehekse.
My name is ... - Minun nimi on ...
Excuse me. - Prostikkua.
Help! - Avvutakkua!
Cheers! - Teijän tervehyökse!
Right. - Oigei.
Left. - Hurai.
Yes. - Da.
No.. - Ei.
One. - Yksi.
Two. - Kaksi.
Three. - Kolme.
Four. - Nelli.
Five. - Viizi.