Shanti Seva Nyaya (शांति सेवा न्याय) Peace Service Justice
Agency overview
Formed
1861; 163 years ago (1861)(originally founded as a security force under the British rule) 16 February 1948; 76 years ago (16 February 1948)(as Delhi Police)[1]
Delhi Police has its origin in a small security force, established in 1854, under the assistant of British Resident to the Mughal Imperial Courts.[10] In 1861 after the adoption of the Indian Police Act, Delhi Police remained a part of the Punjab Police until India gained independence in 1947.
In 1948, the Delhi Police was restructured. Mr D.W. Mehra became the first chief of Delhi Police. The strength of the Delhi Police in 1951 was about 8,000 with one Inspector General of Police (IGP) and eight Superintendents of Police (SP). In 1956 a post of Deputy Inspector General of Police was created. In 1961, the strength of Delhi police was over 12,000.[11]
In 1966, the Delhi Police on the basis of the Khosla Commission Report was reorganized. Four police districts, namely, North, Central, South and New Delhi were created.[11] In 1978, the Delhi Police Act was passed and the Commissioner System was introduced with effect from 1 July 1978.[6]: para7.69
Old headquarters of Delhi Police at Indraprastha Marg
Impact of Sixth Central Pay Commission
Following the Sixth Central Pay Commission, the UPA Government, in 2008, decided to make promotions for Indian Police Service officers, even for higher ranks, time-bound. Indian Police Service officers are now promoted on a fixed time table, more or less independent of functional requirements or span of responsibility, up to the level of Inspector General of Police, at intervals of 4, 9, 13, 14, and 18 years of service.[12]: p 155–56, section 3 The time-bound promotion, much of it non-functional, to high ranks apart from increasing the burden on the policing budget has made Delhi Police top-heavy, sluggish, and unwieldy. Delhi Police, which had one Inspector General (IG) until January 1980s, now has 12 officers with ranks senior to IGPs. They are called Commissioners and Special Commissioners, who are in the HAG grades and apex pay grades. In addition, Delhi police, instead of one IGP, has several dozen IGPs, as everyone gets to be IGP after completion of 18 years service. New IG's functions and responsibilities are no different from that of pre-1980s DIGs and Superintendents of Police (SPs).[12]: Senior Duty Posts under Government of Delhi, p 177
As of January 2019, Delhi Police has 2 Police Zones, 6 Police Ranges, 15 Police Districts, 66 Police Subdivisions with 178 'territorial' Police Stations. Apart from this there are 7 Railway Police stations, 16 Metro Rail Police stations and 5 specialized crime units declared as Police Stations namely, Economic Offenses Wing, Crime Branch, Special Cell, Special Police Unit for Women and Children (SPUWAC) and Vigilance.[6]: para7.69
Training
Since 1984, DP Training College is located in the village of Jharoda Kalan and Wazirabad, Delhi .[8]
'Heinous crime' in Delhi, in 2014, according to government statistics, increased by 157.13 percent from 3268 in 2013, to 8403 in 2014: Murder is up 7.4 percent from 416 to 447; Attempted murder by 36.11 percent from 457 to 622; Rape by 37.64 percent from 1230 to 1693; Burglary by 239.20 percent, from 2352 to 7978; and robbery by 429 percent.[6]: para p 89. 7.71 [14] Neither the Government or the Police Commissioner gave explanation for the spurt in crime. However, since 2002, Delhi Police can avail the powers of Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, when necessary, in tackling international crime syndicates like the Ndrangheta.[15]
04.2013-31-12 2013
2014– 31-12 2014
Percent change
Comment
Murder
416
447
+7.45
by comparison, in 2014, 328 were murdered in New York, a city with reputation for violent crime and higher weapon ownership[16]
Attempted Murder
457
662
+36.11
Rape
1230
1693
+37.6
Robbery
1024
5425
+429.79
Controversies
Delhi Police has often been reported as one of the most corrupt police forces in the country, with the highest number of complaints in the Indian Police Services being registered against its personnel.[17][18][19]
Over the years, Delhi Police has been involved in a series of controversies; ranging from custodial deaths, refusal to write First Information Report, inaction and collusion with arsonists during communal riots. At various times, Delhi Police has been found to be harsher on criminals which has caused it to get warnings from the Supreme Court of India and Central Bureau of Investigation.
In September 2008, a police officer from Delhi Police filed a case of obscenity against a married couple for kissing in the Dwarka court complex. The couple appealed in the Delhi High Court. The Court noted that even though the charge-sheet claimed that the case was filed because the passerby were feeling bad, no one was mentioned by name. The Court said that kissing in public by married couples cannot be termed obscene.[20][21] The Court passed its verdict on 25 May 2009 and asked the police to drop the case against the couple. The police was asked to pay ₹5,000 to both husband and wife.[22]
In February 2020, the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) said that Delhi Police failed to stop violent attacks against Muslims during 2020 communal riots.[26]
VIP security by Delhi Police
Out of a total Delhi police strength of 77,965, in 2016, over 20,000 personnel or over 25 percent, were assigned to secure VVIPs in Delhi. Delhi Police Commissioner Alok Kumar Verma, arguing that 20,000 police force earmarked for VIP security was inadequate pitched for increasing earmarked Delhi Police for VVIP security from 20,000 to 22, 500.
[9]
Alok Kumar Verma said he will give the "utmost priority" to get government to sanction the increase in police deployment for VVIP duties. He is expected to play the Terror threat card to get the extra 2250 police personnel, citing Ministry of Home Affairs, Intelligence Bureau, and Delhi police's special bureau threat assessments. The increase in Police strength for VVIP security will increase the deployment of police personnel per VIP from 17 to 19, and Police Deployment for VIP security from 25 percent to almost one third [28.8 percent] of its total strength.[9]
The demand for increasing Police strength for Securing Delhi's VIP, at considerable cost, is against the background of worsening law and order situation in the rest of the city, especially the more deprived areas of the city of some 19 million people.
[9]
Joint Commissioner of Delhi Police is in charge of this force.
This Delhi Police Force contingent is in addition to elements of an infantry battalion from the Indian army deployed permanently in The presidents' palace, and the Army's President's Body Guards.
Residences of ministers, MPs, and judges.
2115
VVIP
254
Total
10,484
Delhi Police Force for VIP security is headed by Special Commissioner of Delhi Police. This total does not include several hundred, possibly thousands, armed personnel deployed from Paramilitary forces of India such as the BSF, CISF, NSG, CRPF etc.[clarification needed] as body and residential guards to secure Delhi's VVIPs.
In addition Delhi Police deploys 79 Police Control Room Vehicles (Static and semi-static) in Lutyens' Delhi, where most of Delhi's VVIP live. 24 are exclusively for Members of Parliament (MPs). In addition Delhi Police provides static pickets, motor cycle patrol, and foot patrol, on 24-hour basis, including 39 static pickets, 17 motorcycle police patrols, and five Emergency Response Vehicles mounted patrols. The high police presence is supplemented with surveillance devices: 230 Close Circuit Television Cameras are located in North Avenue, South Avenue, MS MP flats, Narmada Apartment, Brahmaputra Apartment and Swarn Jayanti Complex. This is in addition to 412 CCTVs are installed at various roads leading to ministers and MP's residences in Lutyens' Delhi.[9]
Intelligence Bureau
The Intelligence Bureau and the Ministry of Home Affairs are responsible for identifying and nominating persons deserving police protection. The level of police protection is decided by the Home Minister and the home Secretary. There are five categories of protection or security cover: Z+, Z, Y+, Y and X. Who will get which category of security cover is decided by Security Categorization Committee (SCC) — headed by the home secretary.[27][9]
Armed Police protection to those designated as deserving protection by the Ministry of Home Affairs is provided by personnel drawn from central paramilitary forces under the home ministry such as the NSG, CRPF and CISF. In 2006 the CISF was mandated to raise a Special Security Group for VIP security. The unit came into being on 17 November 2006. This unit is responsible for the physical protection of highly threatened dignitaries/individuals, evacuation of Protected Persons, and providing static as well as mobile security to the Protected Persons".[28]: para 2.129
In addition to the Ministry of Home Affairs and the Intelligence Bureau, the Delhi Police Commissioner is also authorized to extend police protection on the basis of reports by the Special Bureau of Delhi police.[27]
In 2012, during the tenure of the Congress(I) led government, the Intelligence Bureau nominated 332 persons for protection; in 2016, under the BJP led NDA government, the number of people identified by Intelligence Bureau and Ministry of Home Affairs for police protection shot up to 454. A spokesperson of the Ministry of Home Affairs dismissed allegations that the list of persons given police protection is prepared arbitrarily. He said, "The number of protectees keeps changing depending on reports and inputs received from the security agencies. " Home Minister Rajnath Singh's predecessor Sushil Kumar Shinde, had explained that the persons nominated for protection "Only on the basis of recommendations from the Intelligence Bureau (IB)...We don't do it on our own," The current list includes nine expelled Congress MLAs from Uttarakhand who revolted against Harish Rawat and joined the BJP on 18 May 2016 . It includes the name of BJP's Kisan Morcha chief Vijay Pal Singh Tomar, Umesh Kumar, a journalist, who carried out a sting on chief minister Rawat.[27][9]
In 2016 in Delhi categories of security cover was : 42 Z+, 55 Z; 72 Y+ ; 143 Y ; 67 X category, 19 security under discretion of Special Commissioner of Police . Delhi police is responsible for providing security cover to 66.[9]
Helplines
Delhi Police has Helpline numbers through which people can seek help without going to the police station in person. The various Helpline numbers of Delhi Police are as follows;[29]
Police Control Room- 100/112
Senior Citizens Security Cell- 1291
Traffic problems- 1095
Women helpline- 1091
Anti-Obscene Calls Cell and Anti-stalking Cell – 1091
Terrorism – 1090
NORTH-EAST (People from North East India) HELPLINE – 1093
Delhi Police has also launched the facility of registering Online FIR from February 2014.[30]
Were formed in 2009 in wake of 26/11, they saw action first in 2010 Commonwealth Games, they were tasked with protection duties. They are trained on the lines of National Security Guard. All the commandos are under 28 years of age, thus making them fit and capable of tasks meant for commandos. Their main work is to fight against any terrorist attack that occurs in Delhi NCR. They have been trained exclusively in Krav Maga. Delhi was one of the first cities to get an all-women SWAT team.[34]
SWAT team members will function under the elite Special Cell.[35]
^"दिल्ली पुलिस: राज्य सरकार को नियंत्रण देना कितना कठिन?". BBC News हिंदी (in Hindi). 21 January 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2020. दिल्ली पुलिस फिलहाल गृह मंत्रालय के अधीन है. दूसरे राज्यों पर पुलिस और प्रशासन की व्यवस्था राज्य सरकार के अधीन होती है.
^ abN. R. Madhava Menon, D. Banerjea (2002). Criminal Justice India Series: Volume 7 National Capital Territory of Delhi. Ahmedabad: Allied Publishers. pp. 45–46.
^Timmons, Heather; Mandhana, Hinarika; Gottipatti, Sruthi (23 December 2012). "Protests Over Rape Turn Violent in Delhi". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2012.
