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Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) flower

This is a list of opioids, opioid antagonists and inverse agonists.

Opium and poppy straw derivatives

Seedhead of opium poppy with white latex

Crude opiate extracts whole opium products

Natural opiates

Opium alkaloids

See also: Components of opium
Structures
Morphides
Chemical structure of codeine. Codeine Chemical structure of morphine. Morphine Chemical structure of oripavine. Oripavine Chemical structure of pseudomorphine. Pseudomorphine Chemical structure of thebaine. Thebaine

Alkaloid salts mixtures[edit]

Semisynthetics including Bentley compounds[edit]

Morphine family[edit]

Structures of Morphine family
Morphine family
Chemical structure of 14-hydroxymorphine.14-Hydroxymorphine Chemical structure of 2,4-dinitrophenylmorphine.2,4-Dinitrophenylmorphine Chemical structure of 6-methyldihydromorphine.6-Methyldihydromorphine Chemical structure of 6-methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine.6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine Chemical structure of 6-acetyldihydromorphine hydrochloride.6-Acetyldihydromorphine hydrochloride
Chemical structure of azidomorphine. Azidomorphine Chemical structure of chlornaltrexamine. Chlornaltrexamine Chemical structure of chloroxymorphamine. Chloroxymorphamine Chemical structure of desomorphine.Desomorphine
(Dihydrodesoxymorphine) 		Chemical structure of dihydromorphine. Dihydromorphine
Chemical structure of ethyldihydromorphine. Ethyldihydromorphine Chemical structure of hydromorphinol. Hydromorphinol Chemical structure of methyldesorphine. Methyldesorphine Chemical structure of N-phenethylnormorphine. N-Phenethylnormorphine Chemical structure of 6-nicotinoyldihydromorphine.6-nicotinoyldihydromorphine
Chemical structure of RAM-378. RAM-378

3,6-diesters of morphine[edit]

Structures
3,6-diesters of morphine
Chemical structure of acetylpropionylmorphine. Acetylpropionylmorphine 3,6-Dibutanoylmorphine Chemical structure of diacetyldihydromorphine.Diacetyldihydromorphine
(dihydroheroin, acetylmorphinol)
Chemical structure of dibutyrylmorphine. Dibutyrylmorphine Chemical structure of dibenzoylmorphine. Dibenzoylmorphine Chemical structure of diformylmorphine. Diformylmorphine
Chemical structure of dipropanoylmorphine. Dipropanoylmorphine Chemical structure of heroin.Heroin
(diacetylmorphine) 		Chemical structure of nicomorphine. Nicomorphine

Codeine-dionine family[edit]

Structures
Codeine-dionine family
Chemical structure of 6-monoacetylcodeine.6-Monoacetylcodeine Chemical structure of benzylmorphine. Benzylmorphine Chemical structure of codeine methylbromide.Codeine methylbromide Chemical structure of desocodeine. Desocodeine Chemical structure of dimethylmorphine. Dimethylmorphine
(6-O-Methylcodeine)
Chemical structure of ethyldihydromorphine. Ethyldihydromorphine Chemical structure of methyldihydromorphine. Methyldihydromorphine
(dihydroheterocodeine) 		Chemical structure of ethylmorphine.Ethylmorphine Chemical structure of heterocodeine. Heterocodeine Chemical structure of isocodeine. Isocodeine
Chemical structure of pholcodine. Pholcodine Chemical structure of myrophine. Myrophine Chemical structure of transisocodeine. Transisocodeine

Morphinones and morphols[edit]

Structures
Morphinones and morphols
Chemical structure of 14-cinnamoyloxycodeinone. 14-Cinnamoyloxycodeinone Chemical structure of 14-ethoxymetopon. 14-Ethoxymetopon Chemical structure of 14-methoxymetopon. 14-Methoxymetopon Chemical structure of 14-phenylpropoxymetopon. 14-Phenylpropoxymetopon Chemical structure of 7-spiroindanyloxymorphone. 7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone
Chemical structure of 8,14-dihydroxydihydromorphinone. 8,14-Dihydroxydihydromorphinone Chemical structure of acetylcodone. Acetylcodone Chemical structure of acetylmorphone. Acetylmorphone Chemical structure of α-hydrocodol (dihydrocodeine). α-hydrocodol
(Dihydrocodeine) 		Image not available. Bromoisopropropyldihydromorphinone
Chemical structure of codeinone. Codeinone Chemical structure of codorphone. Codorphone Chemical structure of codeine phosphate. Codol
(Codeine Phosphate) 		Chemical structure of codoxime. Codoxime Chemical structure of IBNtxA. IBNtxA
Chemical structure of thebacon. Thebacon Chemical structure of hydrocodone. Hydrocodone Chemical structure of hydromorphone. Hydromorphone Chemical structure of hydroxycodeine. Hydroxycodeine Chemical structure of metopon.Metopon
(methyldihydromorphinone)
Chemical structure of morphenol. Morphenol Chemical structure of morphinone. Morphinone Chemical structure of morphol. Morphol Chemical structure of N-phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon. N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon Chemical structure of oxycodone. Oxycodone
Chemical structure of oxymorphol. Oxymorphol Chemical structure of oxymorphone. Oxymorphone Chemical structure of pentamorphone. Pentamorphone Chemical structure of semorphone. Semorphone

Morphides[edit]

Structures
Morphides
Chemical structure of alpha-chlorocodide. α-chlorocodide Chemical structure of beta-chlorocodide. β-chlorocodide Chemical structure of bromomorphide. Bromomorphide
Chemical structure of chlorodihydrocodide. Chlorodihydrocodide. Chemical structure of chloromorphide. Chloromorphide Chemical structure of codide. Codide

Dihydrocodeine series[edit]

Structures
Morphides
Chemical structure of 14-hydroxydihydrocodeine. 14-Hydroxydihydrocodeine Chemical structure of acetyldihydrocodeine. Acetyldihydrocodeine Chemical structure of dihydrocodeine. Dihydrocodeine Chemical structure of dihydrodesoxycodeine. Dihydrodesoxycodeine
Chemical structure of dihydroisocodeine. Dihydroisocodeine Chemical structure of nicocodeine. Nicocodeine Chemical structure of nicodicodeine. Nicodicodeine

Nitrogen morphine derivatives[edit]

Structures
Morphides
Chemical structure of 1-nitrocodeine. 1-Nitrocodeine Chemical structure of codeine-N-oxide. Codeine-N-oxide Chemical structure of morphine-N-oxide. Morphine-N-oxide

Hydrazones[edit]

Structures
Hydrazones
Chemical structure of oxymorphazone. Oxymorphazone

Halogenated morphine derivatives[edit]

Structures
Other open chain opioids
Chemical structure of 1-bromocodeine.

1-Bromocodeine

Chemical structure of 1-chlorocodeine.

1-Chlorocodeine

General structure of 1-iodomorphine.

1-Iodomorphine

Active opiate metabolites[edit]

Structures
Active opiate metabolites
Chemical structure of codeine-N-oxide.Codeine-N-oxide Chemical structure of heroin-7,8-oxide.Heroin-7,8-oxide Chemical structure of morphine-6-glucuronide.Morphine-6-glucuronide General structure of 6-monoacetylmorphine.6-Monoacetylmorphine
Chemical structure of morphine-N-oxide.Morphine-N-oxide Chemical structure of naltrexol. Naltrexol Chemical structure of norcodeine. Norcodeine General structure of normorphine. Normorphine

Morphinans[edit]

Levomethorphan

Morphinan series[edit]

Structures
Other morphinans
Chemical structure of 4-chlorophenylpyridomorphinan 4-chlorophenylpyridomorphinan Chemical structure of cyclorphan. Cyclorphan Chemical structure of dextrallorphan. Dextrallorphan Chemical structure of levargorphan Levargorphan Chemical structure of levophenacylmorphan. Levophenacylmorphan
Chemical structure of levomethorphan Levomethorphan Chemical structure of norlevorphanol. Norlevorphanol Chemical structure of N-methylmorphinan. N-Methylmorphinan Chemical structure of oxilorphan. Oxilorphan Chemical structure of phenomorphan. Phenomorphan
Chemical structure of dextromethorphan. Dextromethorphan Chemical structure of Levomethorphan. levomethorphan Chemical structure of morphanol. Morphanol Chemical structure of Ro4-1539. Ro4-1539 Chemical structure of stephodeline. Stephodeline Chemical structure of xorphanol. Xorphanol

Others[edit]

Structures
Other Morphinans
Chemical structure of 1-nitroaknadinine 1-Nitroaknadinine Chemical structure of 14-episinomenine. 14-episinomenine Chemical structure of 5,6-dihydronorsalutaridine. 5,6-Dihydronorsalutaridine Chemical structure of 6-keto-nalbuphine 6-Keto Nalbuphine Chemical structure of aknadinine. Aknadinine
Chemical structure of butorphanol Butorphanol Chemical structure of cephakicine. Cephakicine Chemical structure of cephasamine. Cephasamine Chemical structure of cyprodime. Cyprodime Chemical structure of drotebanol. Drotebanol
Chemical structure of fenfangjine G. Fenfangjine G Chemical structure of nalbuphine. Nalbuphine Chemical structure of sinococuline. Sinococuline Chemical structure of sinomenine. Sinomenine Chemical structure of tannagine. Tannagine

Benzomorphans[edit]

[36]-->

Structures
Benzomorphans
Chemical structure of 5,9 alpha-diethyl-2-hydroxybenzomorphan.5,9 alpha-diethyl-2-hydroxybenzomorphan
(5,9-DEHB) 		Chemical structure of 8-Carboxamidocyclazocine. 8-Carboxamidocyclazocine General structure of alazocine. Alazocine Chemical structure of anazocine. Anazocine Chemical structure of bremazocine. Bremazocine
Chemical structure of butinazocine. Butinazocine Chemical structure of carbazocine. Carbazocine Chemical structure of cogazocine. Cogazocine Chemical structure of cyclazocine. Cyclazocine Chemical structure of dezocine. Dezocine
Chemical structure of eptazocine. Eptazocine Chemical structure of etazocine. Etazocine Chemical structure of ethylketocyclazocine. Ethylketocyclazocine Chemical structure of fedotozine. Fedotozine Chemical structure of fluorophen. Fluorophen
Chemical structure of gemazocine. Gemazocine Chemical structure of ibazocine. Ibazocine Chemical structure of ketazocine. Ketazocine Chemical structure of metazocine. Metazocine Chemical structure of moxazocine . Moxazocine
Chemical structure of pentazocine. Pentazocine Chemical structure of phenazocine. Phenazocine Chemical structure of quadazocine. Quadazocine Chemical structure of thiazocine. Thiazocine Chemical structure of tonazocine. Tonazocine
Chemical structure of volazocine. Volazocine Chemical structure of zenazocine. Zenazocine

4-Phenylpiperidines[edit]

Pethidine

Pethidines (meperidines)[edit]

Structures
Pethidines (meperidines)
Chemical structure of 4-fluoropethidine.4-Fluoropethidine Chemical structure of 8-carboxamidocyclazocine. 8-Carboxamidocyclazocine General structure of allylnorpethidine. Allylnorpethidine Chemical structure of anileridine. Anileridine Chemical structure of benzethidine. Benzethidine
Chemical structure of carperidine. Carperidine Chemical structure of difenoxin. Difenoxin Chemical structure of diphenoxylate. Diphenoxylate Chemical structure of etoxeridine. Etoxeridine Chemical structure of furethidine. Furethidine
Chemical structure of hydroxypethidine. Hydroxypethidine Chemical structure of morpheridine. Morpheridine Chemical structure of meperidine-N-oxide. Meperidine-N-oxide Chemical structure of oxpheneridine. Oxpheneridine Chemical structure of pethidine. Pethidine
Chemical structure of pethidine intermediate A. Pethidine intermediate A Chemical structure of pethidine intermediate B. Pethidine intermediate B Chemical structure of pethidine intermediate C. Pethidine intermediate C Chemical structure of pheneridine. Pheneridine Chemical structure of phenoperidine. Phenoperidine
Chemical structure of piminodine. Piminodine Chemical structure of properidine.Properidine Chemical structure of sameridine. Sameridine

Prodines[edit]

Structures
Prodines
Chemical structure of allylprodine.Allylprodine Chemical structure of meprodine. (α/β)-Meprodine General structure of desmethylprodine. Desmethylprodine (MPPP) Chemical structure of PEPAP. PEPAP Chemical structure of drodine. Prodine
Chemical structure of prosidol. Prosidol Chemical structure of prosidol. Prosidol

Ketobemidones[edit]

Structures
Ketobemidones
Chemical structure of acetoxyketobemidone.Acetoxyketobemidone Chemical structure of droxypropine. Droxypropine General structure of ketobemidone. Ketobemidone Chemical structure of methylketobemidone. Methylketobemidone Chemical structure of propylketobemidone. Propylketobemidone

Others[edit]

Structures
Other phenylpiperidines
Chemical structure of alvimopan.Alvimopan Chemical structure of loperamide. Loperamide Chemical structure of LS-115509. LS-115509 General structure of picenadol. Picenadol

Open chain opioids[edit]

Methadone

Amidones[edit]

Structures
Amidones
Chemical structure of dextromethadone.

Dextromethadone

Chemical structure of dipipanone.

Dipipanone

General structure of isomethadone.

Isomethadone

Chemical structure of levoisomethadone. Levoisomethadone
Chemical structure of noracetylmethadol. Noracetylmethadol Chemical structure of levomethadone. Levomethadone Chemical structure of methadone. Methadone Chemical structure of methadone intermediate.Methadone intermediate
Chemical structure of normethadone. Normethadone Chemical structure of norpipanone. Norpipanone Chemical structure of phenadoxone. Phenadoxone Chemical structure of pipidone. Pipidone

Methadols[edit]

Structures
Other open chain opioids
Chemical structure of alphaacetylmethadol.

Alphaacetylmethadol

Chemical structure of fimepheptanol.

Dimepheptanol

General structure of levacetylmethadol.

Levacetylmethadol

Chemical structure of noracetylmethadol.

Noracetylmethadol

Moramides[edit]

Structures
Other open chain opioids
Chemical structure of Desmethylmoramide.

Desmethylmoramide

Chemical structure of Dextromoramide.

Dextromoramide

General structure of Levomoramide.

Levomoramide

General structure of Moramide intermediate.

Moramide intermediate

General structure of Racemoramide.

Racemoramide

Thiambutenes[edit]

Structures
Thiambutenes
Chemical structure of diethylthiambutene.

Diethylthiambutene

Chemical structure of dimethylthiambutene.

Dimethylthiambutene

General structure of ethylmethylthiambutene.

Ethylmethylthiambutene

General structure of piperidylthiambutene.

Piperidylthiambutene

General structure of thiambutene.

Thiambutene

General structure of tipepidine.

Tipepidine

Phenalkoxams[edit]

Structures
Phenalkoxams
Chemical structure of dextropropoxyphene.

Dextropropoxyphene
(propoxyphene)

Chemical structure of dimenoxadol.

Dimenoxadol

General structure of dioxaphetyl butyrate.

Dioxaphetyl butyrate

General structure of levopropoxyphene.

Levopropoxyphene

General structure of norpropoxyphene.

Norpropoxyphene

Ampromides[edit]

Structures
Ampromides
Chemical structure of diampromide.

Diampromide

Chemical structure of phenampromide.

Phenampromide

General structure of propiram.

Propiram

Others[edit]

Structures
Other open chain opioids
Chemical structure of embutramide.

Embutramide

Chemical structure of IC-26.

IC-26

Chemical structure of isoaminile.

Isoaminile

General structure of lefetamine.

Lefetamine

Chemical structure of R-4066.

R-4066

Anilidopiperidines[edit]

Fentanyl
Structures
Anilidopiperidines
Chemical structure of 3-allylfentanyl.3-Allylfentanyl Chemical structure of 3-methylfentanyl.3-Methylfentanyl Chemical structure of 3-methylthiofentanyl.3-Methylthiofentanyl Chemical structure of 4-phenylfentanyl .4-Phenylfentanyl Chemical structure of alfentanil. Alfentanil
Chemical structure of alphamethylacetylfentanyl. Alphamethylacetylfentanyl Chemical structure of alphamethylfentanyl. Alphamethylfentanyl Chemical structure of alphamethylthiofentanyl. Alphamethylthiofentanyl Chemical structure of benzylfentanyl. Benzylfentanyl Chemical structure of betahydroxyfentanyl. Betahydroxyfentanyl
Chemical structure of betahydroxythiofentanyl. Betahydroxythiofentanyl Chemical structure of betamethylfentanyl. Betamethylfentanyl Chemical structure of brifentanil. Brifentanil Chemical structure of carfentanil. Carfentanil Chemical structure of fentanyl. Fentanyl
Chemical structure of lofentanil. Lofentanil Chemical structure of mirfentanil. Mirfentanil Chemical structure of ocfentanil. Ocfentanil Chemical structure of ohmefentanyl. Ohmefentanyl Chemical structure of parafluorofentanyl. Parafluorofentanyl
Chemical structure of phenaridine. Phenaridine Chemical structure of remifentanil. Remifentanil Chemical structure of sufentanil. Sufentanil Chemical structure of thenylfentanyl. Thenylfentanyl Chemical structure of thiofentanyl. Thiofentanyl
Chemical structure of trefentanil. Trefentanil

Oripavine derivatives[edit]

Thienorphine
Structures
Oripavine derivatives
Chemical structure of 7-PET. 7-PET Chemical structure of acetorphine. Acetorphine Chemical structure of alletorphine. Alletorphine Chemical structure of BU-48. BU-48 Chemical structure of buprenorphine. Buprenorphine
Chemical structure of cyprenorphine. Cyprenorphine Chemical structure of dihydroetorphine. Dihydroetorphine Chemical structure of etorphine. Etorphine Chemical structure of homprenorphine. Homprenorphine Chemical structure of 18,19-dehydrobuprenorphine.18,19-Dehydrobuprenorphine
Chemical structure of N-cyclopropylmethylnoretorphine.N-cyclopropylmethylnoretorphine Chemical structure of nepenthone. Nepenthone Chemical structure of norbuprenorphine. Norbuprenorphine Chemical structure of thevinone. Thevinone Chemical structure of thienorphine. Thienorphine

Phenazepanes[edit]

Structures
Phenazepanes
Chemical structure of ethoheptazine.

Ethoheptazine

Chemical structure of meptazinol.

Meptazinol

Chemical structure of metheptazine.

Metheptazine

Chemical structure of metethoheptazine.

Metethoheptazine

Chemical structure of proheptazine.

Proheptazine

Pirinitramides[edit]

Structures
Pirinitramides
Chemical structure of bezitramide.

Bezitramide

Chemical structure of piritramide.

Piritramide

Benzimidazoles[edit]

Structures
Benzimidazoles
Chemical structure of clonitazene.

Clonitazene

Chemical structure of etonitazene.

Etonitazene

General structure of isotonitazene.

Isotonitazene

Chemical structure of metonitazene.

Metonitazene

General structure of nitazene.

Nitazene: R = hydrogen

Indoles[edit]

Structures
Indoles
Chemical structure of 18-methoxycoronaridine.

18-Methoxycoronaridine

Chemical structure of 7-acetoxymitragynine.

7-Acetoxymitragynine

General structure of 7-hydroxymitragynine.

7-Hydroxymitragynine

General structure of akuammidine.

Akuammidine

General structure of akuammine.

Akuammine

General structure of eseroline.

Eseroline

General structure of hodgkinsine.

Hodgkinsine

General structure of mitragynine.

Mitragynine

General structure of pericine.

Pericine

General structure of pseudoakuammigine.

Pseudoakuammigine

Beta-Amino Ketones[edit]

Structures
Indoles
Chemical structure of beta-amine ketone 'compound 29'

3-(dimethylamino)-2,2-dimethyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one (Beta-amine ketone 'compound 29')

Diphenylmethylpiperazines[edit]

Structures
Diphenylmethylpiperazines
Chemical structure of BW373U86.

BW373U86

Chemical structure of DPI-221.

DPI-221

Chemical structure of DPI-287.

DPI-287

Chemical structure of DPI-3290.

DPI-3290

Chemical structure of SNC-80.

SNC-80

Opioid peptides[edit]

β-neoendorphin

Dynorphins[edit]

Structures
Dynorphins
Chemical structure of dermenkephalin. Big dynorphin Chemical structure of dynorphin A. Dynorphin A Chemical structure of dynorphin B. Dynorphin B

Endomorphins[edit]

Endorphins[edit]

Structures
Dynorphins
Chemical structure of beta-endorphin. Beta-endorphin Chemical structure of alpha-endorphin. Alpha-endorphin Chemical structure of gamma-endorphin. Gamma-endorphin Chemical structure of α-neo-endorphin. α-neoendorphin Chemical structure of β-neo-endorphin. β-neoendorphin

Enkephalins[edit]

Structures
Enkephalins
Chemical structure of DADLE. DADLE Chemical structure of DAMGO. DAMGO Chemical structure of deltorphin. Deltorphin Chemical structure of Met-enkephalin. Met-enkephalin Chemical structure of Leu-enkephalin. Leu-enkephalin

Propeptides[edit]

Others / unknown[edit]

Structures
Other or unknown opioid peptides
Chemical structure of adrenorphin. Adrenorphin Chemical structure of amidorphin. Amidorphin Chemical structure of casomorphin. Casomorphin Chemical structure of DALDA. DALDA Chemical structure of deltorphin. Deltorphin
Chemical structure of dermorphin. Dermorphin Chemical structure of DPDPE. DPDPE Chemical structure of Endomorphin-1. Endomorphin-1
Chemical structure of Endomorphin-2. Endomorphin-2 		Chemical structure of gliadorphin. Gliadorphin Chemical structure of morphiceptin. Morphiceptin
Chemical structure of nociceptin. Nociceptin Chemical structure of octreotide. Octreotide Chemical structure of opiorphin. Opiorphin Chemical structure of rubiscolin. Rubiscolin Chemical structure of TRIMU 5. TRIMU 5

Others[edit]

Opioid antagonists and inverse agonists[edit]

Biased ligands[edit]

Receptor heteromer targeting ligands[edit]

Uncategorized opioids[edit]

Structures
Uncategorized opioids
Chemical structure of alimadol.

Alimadol

Chemical structure of anilopam.

Anilopam

Chemical structure of asimadoline.

Asimadoline

Chemical structure of FE 200665.

FE 200665

Chemical structure of fedotozine.

Fedotozine

Chemical structure of MCOPPB.

MCOPPB

Chemical structure of nalfurafine.

Nalfurafine

Chemical structure of nalodeine. Nalodeine Chemical structure of nalorphine.

Nalorphine

Chemical structure of nalorphine dinicotinate.

Nalorphine dinicotinate

Chemical structure of SoRI-9409.

SoRI-9409

Combination drug formulations containing opioids[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ ChemIndex CAS Registry Number 3371-56-0
  2. ^ ChemIndex CAS Registry Number 509-56-8
  3. ^ ChemIndex CAS Registry Number 63715-94-6
  4. ^ NCBI PubChem SID 750205
  5. ^ chembase[permanent dead link] cbid_346222
  6. ^ Gomes I, Fujita W, Gupta A, Saldanha SA, Saldanha AS, Negri A, Pinello CE, Eberhart C, Roberts E, Filizola M, Hodder P, Devi LA (2013). "Identification of a μ-δ opioid receptor heteromer-biased agonist with antinociceptive activity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110 (29): 12072–7. Bibcode:2013PNAS..11012072G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1222044110. PMC 3718106. PMID 23818586.
  7. ^ Yekkirala AS, Lunzer MM, McCurdy CR, Powers MD, Kalyuzhny AE, Roerig SC, Portoghese PS (2011). "N-naphthoyl-beta-naltrexamine (NNTA), a highly selective and potent activator of μ/kappa-opioid heteromers". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 (12): 5098–103. Bibcode:2011PNAS..108.5098Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1016277108. PMC 3064379. PMID 21385944.

External links[edit]

  • Carbonate derivatives of 14β-hydroxycodeine "viz., 14β-hydroxy-6-O-(methoxycarbonyl)codeine, 6-O-methoxycarbonyl-14β-(methoxycarbonyloxy)codeine, and 14β-acetoxy-6-O-methoxy-carbonylcodeine, potential substrates for ring C modification in morphinane (sic) alkaloids, were synthesized for the first time." Russian Chemical Bulletin. August 2008, Volume 57, Issue 8, pp 1773–1774. Date: 11 Aug 2009; I. V. Evsikova, S. K. Moiseev, P. V. Petrovskii, V. N. Kalinin. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1739–1740
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