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The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks.

The seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. (Full article...)

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Coffee: A Dark History is a 2005 book that examines the history of coffee. It was written by Antony Wild and was published by Norton. Wild had previously worked as a buyer for a specialty-coffee company for over ten years. He argues that coffee has had major effects on the economy of the British Empire. He also maintains that First World consumption of coffee and the accompanying free trade policies have had a negative impact on Third World coffee farmers. (Full article...)

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History of coffee Coffee bean Instant coffee Coffee culture Espresso Coffee production in India Pedrocchi Café Economics of coffee Espresso machine Coffee production in Thailand Turkish coffee Bica (coffee) World Barista Championship UTZ Certified Organic coffee Coffee cupping IperEspresso Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè sospeso Coffeehouse Black Gold (2006 film) ISSpresso Juan Valdez Maraba coffee Ludwig Roselius Alfred Peet Luigi Lavazza J. A. Folger Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki George Washington (inventor) Coffee production in Colombia Decaffeination Coffee percolator Angelo Moriondo CoffeeFest Fair trade coffee Shade-grown coffee Coffea arabica Starbucks Neapolitan flip coffee pot Peet's Coffee Coffee roasting French press Maxwell House Kona coffee Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee Coffee production in Hawaii Benguet coffee Kapeng barako Sagada coffee Coffea canephora Kahawa Sug Moka pot Single-serve coffee container Bikini barista Alfonso Bialetti Caffè Florian illy Coffea liberica Coffee production in Sri Lanka International Coffee Day Coffee in world cultures OldTown White Coffee Coffee cup Coffee vending machine Coffee production in Brazil Coffee wastewater Home roasting coffee Coffee production in Ethiopia Coffee wars Coffee production in the Philippines Coffee sniffers Coffee cake Coffee production in Vietnam Black Ivory Coffee Keurig Second Cup Yit Foh Tenom Coffee Juan Valdez Café Death Wish Coffee Costa Coffee Luckin Coffee Dunkin' Donuts Coffee table book Caffeine World Coffee Producers Forum Starmaya coffee Coffee production in Jamaica A Twosome Place English coffeehouses in the 17th and 18th centuries Criticism of Starbucks Café Procope Coffee in Japan Black Coffee Northwest Steem (peanut butter)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours (from Coffee preparation)
Image 2A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 3The word coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 4Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 5Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 6Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 7Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 8Café neon sign in Breda (from Coffeehouse)
Image 9Interior of an espresso bar from Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 10Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 11Café Kampela, Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)
Image 12The Grey Owl Coffee shop in Norman, Oklahoma (from Coffeehouse)
Image 13A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 14Trieste from where the cappuccino spread (from Coffeehouse)
Image 15Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 16Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 17Kaffa kalid coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 18Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 19Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 20Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 21Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 22In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 23Roadside café on the summer terrace. Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 24Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 25A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 26A coffee shop in Angeles City, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 27Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 28A café in a former church, Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)
Image 29Inside of a kopitiam, Malaysia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 30Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 31Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims as being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 32The Café de Flore in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 33The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 34A coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 35Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 36The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 37A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 38A shop specialised in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 39Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 40Coffee break in Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)
Image 41Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 42Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 43Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 44Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 45Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 46Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 47Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 48Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 49A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 50Café Mélange, Vienna (from Coffeehouse)
Image 51Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 52Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 53A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 54Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 55A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 56Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 57Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 58An espresso by the glass in Trieste - in the local dialect "Nero in B" (from Coffee culture)
Image 59Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 60Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 61"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 62Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 63A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 6418th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 65A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 66Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)

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... that 90% of the Arabica coffee produced in Peru is either typica or caturra?

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Mazagran

Mazagran (also called café mazagran, formerly spelled masagran) is a cold, sweetened coffee drink that originated in Algeria. Portuguese versions may use espresso, lemon, mint and rum, and Austrian versions are served with an ice cube and include rum. Sometimes a fast version is achieved by pouring a previously sweetened espresso in a cup with ice cubes and a slice of lemon. Mazagran has been described as "the original iced coffee". (Full article...)

List of selected drinks
Latte Caffè mocha Coffee milk Irish coffee Bicerin Dalgona coffee Indian filter coffee Frappé coffee Cold brew coffee Barbajada Yuenyeung Coffee substitute Caffè Americano Lungo Flat white Galão Ristretto Tenom coffee Cappuccino Café con leche Caffè crema Cuban espresso Café Touba Caffè corretto Brewed coffee Iced coffee Coffee cabinet Cortado Ipoh white coffee Marocchino Doppio Vietnamese iced coffee Raf Coffee Ginseng coffee Coffee cherry tea Espresso and tonic

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Credit: Life magazine

A Life magazine advertisement for the Pan-American Coffee Bureau featuring George Burns and Gracie Allen, 1953.

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Did you know (auto-generated)

... that the Highfield Cocoa and Coffee House in Sheffield, England, sold tea, coffee and cocoa at a penny a pint and also provided billiards and reading rooms?
... that Steem peanut butter contained as much caffeine per serving as two cups of coffee?
... that the Chronicle of the 20th Century was so heavy that it was said to be "the first coffee table book seriously to threaten the well-being of coffee-tables"?
... that Kenyan coffee farmer "Pinkie" Jackson amassed Africa's largest collection of native butterflies?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
... that actor Tatsunari Kimura ate pancakes and drank coffee while talking for eight hours during the filming of the television drama Old-Fashioned Cupcake?
... that the city council of Bandung in the Dutch East Indies initially met at the site of a former coffee-packing factory?
... that the Claudia Quintet was born out of an incident at alt.coffee?

Topics

v t e Coffee
Topics	Economics Fair trade History International Coffee Day Single-origin coffee Third-wave coffee
Production	Coffee production Organic coffee Shade-grown coffee Sustainable coffee List of countries by coffee production Coffee roasting Coffee wastewater Decaffeination Home roasting
Species and varieties	Arabica Benguet Blue Mountain Bonifieur Bourbon Geisha Kona Maracaturra Maragogipe Molokai S795 Sagada Charrieriana Liberica Barako Racemosa Robusta Sulu
Components	Cafestol Caffeic acid Caffeine Coffee bean Furan-2-ylmethanethiol Kahweol
Preparation	AeroPress Arabic coffee Jebena Brewed coffee Chemex Cezve Chorreador Coffeemaker Cold brew nitro Drip coffee Espresso doppio lungo ristretto Espresso machine French drip Karlsbad coffee maker French press Instant coffee Coffee syrup Knockbox Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot Percolator Turkish coffee Vacuum maker Single-serve coffee container
Coffee drinks	Affogato Americano Beaten coffee Bica Bicerin Black Russian Cà phê sữa đá Café au lait Café com cheirinho Café con leche Café de olla Café Touba Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Caffè mocha Cappuccino Carajillo Coffee cabinet Coffee milk Cortado Café Cubano Dalgona coffee Egg coffee Espresso Flat white Frappé coffee Frappuccino Galão Garoto Gassosa al caffè Iced coffee Indian filter coffee Ipoh white coffee Irish coffee Karsk Kopi Kopi luwak Kopi tubruk Kurdish coffee Latte macchiato Latte Liqueur coffee Long black Lungo Marocchino Mazagran Moretta Oliang Raf coffee Red eye Ristretto Rüdesheimer Kaffee Tenom coffee Turkish coffee White coffee White Russian Wiener Melange Yuenyeung
Organization lists	Bakery cafés Coffee companies Coffeehouses
Lifestyle	Barista Bikini barista Caffè sospeso Coffee break Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea CoffeeCon Coffee culture Coffee cupping Coffee palace Coffeehouse Historical coffeehouses Kopi tiam Latte art Viennese coffee house
Substitutes	Barley coffee Barley tea Barleycup Caro Cereal coffee Chicory Dandelion coffee Inka Maya nut Postum Qishr
Serving vessels	Coffee cup sleeve Cezve Demitasse spoon Tasse à café Zarf
Competitions	United States Barista Championship World Barista Championship World Brewers Cup
Misc.	Coffee and doughnuts Coffee bag Coffee service Coffee leaf rust Coffee wars Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment Canned coffee Coffee vending machine Used coffee grounds Sustainable coffee
Coffee portal Category: Coffee

v t e Coffee production by region
Top 20 producers (2014)	Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Ethiopia Guatemala Honduras India Indonesia Java Ivory Coast Mexico Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Peru Tanzania Thailand Uganda Vietnam
Other cultivators	Angola Bolivia China Cameroon Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo East Timor Guadeloupe Guam Haiti Jamaica Kenya Laos Martinique Panama Paraguay Philippines Puerto Rico Sri Lanka United States (Hawaii) Venezuela
Lists	List of countries by coffee production List of countries by coffee exports

v t e Types of coffeehouses
Café Book café (Manga cafe Manhwabang) Cafe church Café Philosophique Cat café Cosplay restaurant (Maid café Butler café) Internet café (PC bang) Dabang (Korea) Kafana Kissaten Konditorei Kopi tiam Mamak stall Meikyoku kissa No-pan kissa Ottoman coffeehouse Parisian café Penny University Socrates Cafe Sidewalk cafe Utagoe coffeehouse Viennese coffee house

v t e Coffee in Italy
Roasters	illy Lavazza Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group Caffè Pascucci Caffè del Doge Guglielmo Caffè
Historical Coffeehouses	Antico Caffè Greco Caffè Bardi Caffè-Pasticceria Cova Caffè Florian Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè Lavena Caffè Michelangiolo Caffè Quadri Caffè San Marco Caffè Fiorio Caffè Gambrinus Gran Caffè Doney Palazzina Majani, Bologna Pedrocchi Café Antico Caffè Spinnato
People	Alfonso Bialetti Francesco Illy Luigi Lavazza Angelo Moriondo
Technology	Bialetti Caffitaly Cimbali FrancisFrancis De'Longhi Elektra Faema Gaggia La Marzocco Lelit Rancilio Saeco Smeg
Drinks	Affogato Barbajada Bicerin Bombardino Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Espressino Espresso Lungo Ristretto Doppio Latte macchiato Marocchino Mocaccino Shakerato Gassosa al caffè Moretta
Other	Barista Caffè sospeso Easy Serving Espresso Pod Espresso machine IperEspresso ISSpresso Lavazza A Modo Mio Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915