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Rikbaktsá
erigpaksá
Native toBrazil
RegionMato Grosso
Ethnicity1,140 Rikbaktsa people (2006)[1]
Native speakers
40 (2010)[1]
Macro-Gê
  • Rikbaktsá
Language codes
ISO 639-3rkb
Glottologrikb1245
ELPRikbaktsá

The Rikbaktsa language, also spelled Aripaktsa, Erikbatsa or Erikpatsa and known ambiguously as Canoeiro, is a language spoken by the Rikbaktsa people of Mato Grosso, Brazil, that forms its own branch of the Macro-Gê languages.

As in other languages of the area, word endings indicate the gender of the speaker.[2] Rikbaktsa is a subject-object-verb language.[1]

Most Rikbaktsa can speak both Rikbaktsa and Portuguese. Younger individuals tend to speak Portuguese more frequently and fluently than their elders, but older individuals generally struggle with Portuguese and use it only with non-indigenous Brazilians.[2]

Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with the Cariban languages.[3]

Locations

The 22nd edition of Ethnologue reports that it is spoken around confluence of the Sangue River and Juruena River in:

Phonology

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Close-mid e o
Mid ə
Open a
Nasal vowels
Front Central Back
Close ĩ ɨ̃ ũ
Close-mid õ
Mid ə̃
Open ã
Consonants
Labial Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Stop voiceless p t k (ʔ)
voiced b d
Affricate t͡ʃ
Fricative ʃ h
Nasal m n
Approximant w j
Flap ɾ ɽ

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[5]

gloss Erikbaktsa
one aistuːba
ear ka-spi
tooth írata
hand ka-shuisha
woman matutsi
water pihʔik
fire idoː
stone harahairi
maize uanátsi

References

  1. ^ a b c Rikbaktsá at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ a b Arruda, Rinaldo S.V. "Rikbaktsa: Language." In Encyclopedia of Indigenous Peoples in Brazil. Instituto Socioambiental (November 1998).
  3. ^ Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016). Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas (Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: University of Brasília.
  4. ^ Silva, Leia de Jesus (2005). Aspectos da fonologia e a morfologia da língua Rikbaktsa. Universidade de Brasília.
  5. ^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.