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((Short description|Lake in India))
((Use dmy dates|date=October 2018))
((Use Indian English|date=October 2018))
((More citations needed|date=July 2018))
((Infobox body of water
|name = Tulsi Lake
|image =Tulsi Lake.jpg
|alt = View of Tulsi lake
|image_bathymetry =
|caption_bathymetry =
|location = [[Sanjay Gandhi National Park]]
|coords = ((coord|19.1901|N|72.9179|E|type:waterbody_region:IN|display=inline,title))
| lake_type       =
|inflow =
|pushpin_map=Mumbai
|pushpin_map_alt=Location of Tulsi lake within Mumbai
|outflow =
|catchment =  ((convert|6.76|km2|abbr=on))
|basin_countries = [[India]]
|length =
|width =
|area = ((convert|1.35|km2|abbr=on))
|depth = ((convert|12|m|ft|abbr=on)) (average)
|max-depth =
|volume = ((convert|2294|e6impgal|m3|abbr=on))
|shore =
|elevation = ((convert|139.17|m|abbr=on))
|islands = [[Salsette]]
|cities = [[Mumbai]]
))

'''Tulsi Lake''' is a [[fresh water]] lake in northern [[Mumbai]]. It is stated to be the second largest lake in [[Mumbai]] and supplies part of the city's [[potable water]].<ref  name="Tulsi">((cite web |url=http://mumbai.clickindia.com/travel/tulsilake.html |title=Tulsi Lake in Mumbai (Bombay) - Tulsi Lake - Mumbai Tulsi Lake - Mumbai |website=mumbai.clickindia.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405053516/http://mumbai.clickindia.com/travel/tulsilake.html |archive-date=5 April 2008 |url-status=dead))</ref> This is one of the three lakes located in the [[Salsette]] Island; the other two being [[Powai Lake]] and [[Vihar Lake]].<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.powerset.com/explore/go/Tulsi-Lake |title=Tulsi Lake - Powerset |website=www.powerset.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207044916/http://www.powerset.com/explore/go/Tulsi-Lake |archive-date=7 December 2008 |url-status=dead))</ref>
Both Tulsi lake and Vihar lake are located within the densely forested [[Sanjay Gandhi National Park]] or also known popularly as the [[Borivali National Park]] (BNP).
[[File:River-Geography-Mumbai.png|thumb|left|200px|The three contiguous lakes - [[Vihar Lake]], Tulsi Lake and [[Powai Lake]] of [[Mumbai]]]]

==Hydrology==
[[File:River Mithi 3.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Flood flow from the three lakes outfall into Mithi River]]
Tulsi Lake was built by damming the [[River Tasso]], and redirecting the flow to the nearby [[Vihar Lake]]. Rain water from the catchment area of 676 hectares of [[Powai]]-[[Kanheri]] hill ranges drains into the lake. During the rainy season the flood flows out flows into the Powai Lake and further down into the [[Mithi River]]. The maximum height of hill in the catchment is about 400 m. The southwest monsoon sets in by mid June and lasts till September. The maximum rainfall is normally recorded in the months of July and August. The mean annual rainfall is reported to be 3000&nbsp;mm. Rainfall have reportedly crossed 4000&nbsp;mm several times. Highest ever recorded rainfall to the figure of 5316&nbsp;mm have been recorded in the year 2019(June 1-September 30).<ref  name="Tulsi"/>

The plan to create the lake was conceived in 1872 and construction completed 1897. It was designed as a backup for the Vihar Lake to supply portable drinking water to the city of Bombay (now Mumbai). The lake has surface area of 1.35&nbsp;km² (135 hectares). The  average water depth is reported to be 12 m with a gross storage at Full Supply Level (FSL) of ((convert|2294|e6impgal|m3)), out of which ((convert|4|e6impgal|m3)) per day are supplied to [[Greater Mumbai]].<ref name="echo">((cite web |url=http://grassrootsresearch.org/papersandarticles/sweden%20paper.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-08-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216191628/http://grassrootsresearch.org/papersandarticles/sweden%20paper.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-16 )) A design for echo sustainability: lessons from a stressed environment in Mumbai</ref>

The highest overflow level, recorded at the dam is 139.17&nbsp;m (456.6&nbsp;ft).This fresh water lake primarily fulfills the water requirement of the southern part of Mumbai.<ref  name="Tulsi"/><ref>[http://www.mumbai.org.uk/lakes/tulsi-lake.htmlMumbai]((Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no ))</ref>

==Access==
The lake is located 32&nbsp;km to the north of Mumbai by road.<ref name="Mum">((cite web|url=http://www.mumbai.org.uk/lakes/tulsi-lake.html|title=Tulsi Lake Mumbai|website=Mumbai.org.uk|access-date=18 July 2018))</ref> The nearest suburban electric train station is Borivli East on the Western Railways and is close to western express highway, with a further travel of 6&nbsp;km from the station by road to the lake.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.emumbaitourism.com/mumbai-excursion-tours/tulsi-lake-mumbai-travel-tours.html |title=Tulsi Lake in Mumbai, Mumbai Lakes, Bombay Tulsi Lake, Mumbai Travel Packages, Bombay Tour Packages, Mumbai Travel Guide, Bombay Tour Guide, Mumbai Tourist Guide, Mumbai Travel Information, Mumbai Tourism Guide |website=www.emumbaitourism.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020722184106/http://www.emumbaitourism.com/mumbai-excursion-tours/tulsi-lake-mumbai-travel-tours.html |archive-date=22 July 2002 |url-status=dead))</ref>  The nearest [[Sahar International Airport]] is at a distance of about 20&nbsp;km.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.india9.com/i9show/Tulsi-Lake-38218.htm|title=Tulsi Lake in India|website=India9.com|access-date=18 July 2018))</ref>
As the lake is located inside the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, entry permits are to be obtained from the park authorities for visit to the lake.

==Flora and fauna==
[[File:Persiancrocodile.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Mugger or Marsh Crocodile]]
The vegetation on the hill slopes draining into the lake is thick and lush, undisturbed and of mixed moist deciduous type. The lake and its catchment are protected by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation and Sanjay Gandhi National Park Authority.<ref name="echo"/>
As the lake is situated inside the Sanjay Gandhi National Park, the flora and fauna reported for the park would be relevant to the lake. However, fresh water crocodiles Mugger or [[Marsh crocodiles]] (''[[Crocodilus palustris]]'') are known to inhabit the lake in  sustainable numbers. As it is difficult to sight them in the lake, the park has set up a Crocodile Park’ to view the reptiles of different sizes<ref>((cite web|url=http://members.tripod.com/KSHROFF/index.htm|title=LUNGS OF MUMBAI|website=Members.tripod.com|access-date=18 July 2018))</ref>

==See also==
*[[Mumbai's water sources]]
*[[Vihar Lake]]
*[[Powai Lake]]
*[[Salsette]]
*[[Sanjay Gandhi National Park]]

==References==
((Reflist))

((Mumbai topics))

[[Category:Lakes of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Reservoirs in Maharashtra]]

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