Dopamine "activity enhancers" such as BPAP and PPAP, which are currently only research chemicals, but are being investigated for clinical development in the treatment of a number of medical disorders. To date, only phenylethylamine and tryptamine have been identified as endogenous "activity enhancers".[2]
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA upregulators such as bromantane and low dose aspirin.[3][4] Bromantane's upregulation of TH may persist for a time (up to at least one month) after its discontinuation based on data related to its efficacy in treating asthenic disorders in Russia.[5]
Dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitors like disulfiram (Antabuse), which can be used in the treatment of addiction to cocaine and similar dopaminergic drugs as a deterrent drug. The excess dopamine resulting from inhibition of the dopamine β-hydroxylase enzyme increases unpleasant symptoms such as anxiety, higher blood pressure, and restlessness. Disulfiram is not an anticraving agent, because it does not decrease craving for drugs. Instead, positive punishment from its unpleasant effects deters drug consumption.[6]
^Mikhaylova M, Vakhitova JV, Yamidanov RS, Salimgareeva MK, Seredenin SB, Behnisch T (October 2007). "The effects of ladasten on dopaminergic neurotransmission and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats". Neuropharmacology. 53 (5): 601–608. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.07.001. PMID17854844. S2CID43661752.
^Krampe H, Stawicki S, Wagner T, Bartels C, Aust C, Rüther E, Poser W, Ehrenreich H (January 2006). "Follow-up of 180 alcoholic patients for up to 7 years after outpatient treatment: impact of alcohol deterrents on outcome". Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 30 (1): 86–95. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00013.x. PMID16433735.