Yakhont/Oniks missile | |
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![]() A P-800 missile at Armia 2018 | |
Type | Cruise missile Air-launched cruise missile Submarine-launched cruise missile Anti-ship missile Surface-to-surface missile Land-attack missile |
Place of origin | Soviet Union / Russia |
Service history | |
In service | 2002–present[1] |
Used by | See Operators |
Wars | Syrian Civil War 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine[2] |
Production history | |
Manufacturer | NPO Mashinostroyeniya |
Unit cost | $1.25 million[3] |
Produced | 1987–present |
Specifications | |
Mass | 3,000 kg (6,614 lb) |
Length | 8.9 m (29.2 ft) |
Diameter | 0.7 m (2.3 ft) |
Wingspan | 1.7 m (5.6 ft) |
Warhead | national ver. 300 kg semi-armour piercing HE, thermonuclear; for export 200 kg semi-armour piercing HE[4] |
Detonation mechanism | delay fuze |
Engine | Ramjet 4 tons of thrust |
Propellant | jet fuel |
Operational range | 600 km (370 mi; 320 nmi) (Oniks version for Russia) 800 km (500 mi; 430 nmi) (Oniks-M version for Russia) 120 to 300 km (75 to 186 mi; 65 to 162 nmi) depending on altitude (Yakhont export version) |
Flight ceiling | 14,000 m (46000 ft) |
Flight altitude | 10 meters (32 ft) or higher |
Maximum speed | Mach 2.6 ( 3180 km/h / 1998 mph / 884 m/s ) |
Guidance system | midcourse inertial guidance, active radar homing-passive radar seeker head |
Accuracy | 1.5 m[5] |
Launch platform | coastal installations, naval ships, Fixed-wing aircraft |
The P-800 Oniks (Russian: П-800 Оникс; English: Onyx), also known in export markets as Yakhont (Russian: Яхонт; English: ruby), is a Soviet / Russian supersonic anti-ship cruise missile developed by NPO Mashinostroyeniya as a ramjet version of P-80 Zubr. Its GRAU designation is 3M55, the air launched Kh-61 variant also exists. The missile has the NATO codename SS-N-26 "Strobile". Development commenced in 1983,[6] and in the 1990s the anti-ship missile was tested on the Project 1234.7 ship. In 2002 the missile passed the whole range of trials and was commissioned.[7] It is reportedly a replacement for the P-270 Moskit, and possibly also of the P-700 Granit.
The missile is carried in flight by aerodynamic lift. A solid-propellant booster is located in the ramjet's combustion chamber and is ejected by the airflow after it has burned out.
In 2010 Sergei Prikhodko, senior adviser to the Russian President, has said that Russia intends to deliver P-800 to Syria based on the contracts signed in 2007.[8][9] Syria received two Bastion missile systems with 36 missiles each (72 in total).[10] The missiles' test was broadcast by Syrian state TV.[11]
In May 2013, Russia continued the contract delivery to the Syrian government supplying missiles with an advanced radar to make them more effective to counter any future foreign military invasion.[12][13] A warehouse containing the Bastion missiles was destroyed by an Israeli air strike on Latakia on 5 July 2013, but US intelligence analysts believe that some missiles had been removed before the attack.[14]
Oniks missiles were reportedly used in 2016 against ISIL targets.[15][16][17]
In May 2022, Russia’s Defense Minister announced that Russia used high precision Oniks missiles during Russia’s invasion in Ukraine. According to the Russian ministry of defence on 1 May Oniks missiles were used to destroy military equipment near the city of Odesa.[18] On 19th July 2023, Oniks missiles were used to target Ukraine's grain storage facility in the Black Sea region. There are other reported use of Oniks missiles in Donbas during the same conflict.[citation needed]
Radar homing head
Standard batteries of the K-300 Bastion-P (Бастион-П-Подвижный):