XIV Olympic Winter Games

Logo of the 1984 Winter Olympics[a]
Host city	Sarajevo, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia
Nations	49
Athletes	1,272 (998 men, 274 women)
Events	39 in 6 sports (10 disciplines)
Opening	8 February
Closing	19 February
Opened by	President of the Presidency Mika Špiljak
Cauldron	Sanda Dubravčić
Stadium	Koševo Stadium
Winter
← Lake Placid 1980 Calgary 1988 →
Summer
← Moscow 1980 Los Angeles 1984 →

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1984 Winter Olympics Bid process (bid details) Development (venues, torch relay) Marketing (mascots) Broadcasters Opening ceremony (flag bearers) Chronological summary Medal table (medallists) Olympic records World records Controversies Closing ceremony (flag bearers) Paralympics IOC OKJ (OKBIH) ZOI '84 v t e

The 1984 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XIV Olympic Winter Games (French: XIV^es Jeux olympiques d'hiver; Serbo-Croatian: XIV. zimske olimpijske igre / XIV Зимске олимпијске игре; Macedonian: XIV Зимски олимписки игри; Slovene: XIV olimpijske zimske igre) and commonly known as Sarajevo '84, was a winter multi-sport event held between 8 and 19 February 1984 in Sarajevo, SFR Yugoslavia, in what is now Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was the first Winter Olympic Games held in a socialist state and in a Slavic language-speaking country. It was the second consecutive Olympic Games to be held in a socialist state and in a Slavic language-speaking country, after the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Soviet Union. It was also the first Olympics to take place in the Balkans since the first Olympic Games in Athens.

Host city selection

The host city for the XIV Olympic Winter Games was announced on 18 May 1978, during the 80th session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in Athens, Greece. Sarajevo was selected by a margin of three votes over Sapporo, Japan, which had hosted the Winter Games 12 years earlier. Gothenburg became the first Swedish city to lose a Winter Olympics bid; other Swedish cities, such as Falun and Östersund, would later lose consecutive bids to Calgary (1988), Albertville (1992), Lillehammer (1994), Nagano (1998), and Salt Lake City (2002), respectively. Sarajevo, the capital of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, was part of the united Yugoslavia at the time.

1984 Winter Olympics bidding results^[1]

City	Country	Round 1	Round 2
Sarajevo	Yugoslavia	31	39
Sapporo	Japan	33	36
Gothenburg	Sweden	10	—

Torch relay

Olympic torch, Sarajevo 1984

The torch relay for the 1984 Winter Olympics started in Olympia and then proceeded by airplane to Dubrovnik. The total distance of the torch relay through Yugoslavia was 5,289 kilometres (3,286 mi) plus 2,879 kilometres (1,789 mi) of local routes. There were two main routes: one in the west (Split – Ljubljana – Zagreb – Sarajevo), 2,602 kilometres (1,617 mi) in length; and the other in the east (Skopje – Novi Sad – Belgrade – Sarajevo), 2,687 kilometres (1,670 mi) in length. The final torchbearer, from a total of 1600, was figure skater Sanda Dubravčić, who received the torch from skier runner Ivo Čarman. One of the two original torches is held in a private collection in Žalec, Slovenia. There are also 20 more torches in Greece, owned by individual athletes who were the torchbearers from Ancient Olympia to the nearby military airport and from Athens Domestic Airport to the Panathinaikon Stadium where the Ceremony of handing over the Olympic Flame to the Sarajevo Olympic Games Committee occurred.^{[citation needed]}

Panoramic view of Koševo Stadium during the 1984 Winter Olympics opening ceremony

Highlights

The official poster of the 1984 Winter Olympics

• The Olympic flag was raised upside down during the opening ceremony by mistake.^[2]
• First Games under the presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch.
• The 20 kilometre race was added to women's Nordic skiing.
• Skier Jure Franko won Yugoslavia's first Winter Olympic medal; a silver in the giant slalom.^[3]
• Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen won all three individual cross-country races for women.
• Gaétan Boucher and Karin Enke each won two gold medals in speed skating, while East German women won all but three out of the twelve medals in the sport.
• Austria, usually a formidable winter sports nation, won only one bronze medal.
• Biathletes Eirik Kvalfoss and Peter Angerer earned a complete set of medals.
• Twin brothers Phil and Steve Mahre took first and second place in the slalom.^[4]
• Torvill and Dean of Great Britain earned across-the-board perfect scores for artistic impression in the free dance segment of the ice dance competition, a feat that was never matched.^[5][b]
• The gold medals for figure skating were split among four nations: while Torvill and Dean won the ice dance competition for Great Britain, Elena Valova and Oleg Vasiliev of the Soviet Union won the pair skating competition, Scott Hamilton won gold for the United States in the men's singles, and Katarina Witt won the first of two consecutive gold medals for East Germany in the ladies' singles competition.
• Disabled skiing was a demonstration sport for the first time.
• Bill Johnson became the first American to win an Olympic downhill event.^[6]
• Lamine Guèye of Senegal was the first Black African skier to compete in the Winter Olympics.
• The closing ceremony was held indoors in the figure skating venue. The next time the closing ceremony for the Winter Games was held indoors was the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

Official mascot

Readers of Yugoslav newspapers were asked to choose the mascot for the 1984 Winter Olympics from a list of six finalists. The winner was Vučko, the little wolf, designed by Slovenian designer and illustrator Jože Trobec. The other finalists were a chipmunk, a lamb, a mountain goat, a porcupine, and a snowball.^[7] The Vučko is a long-time symbol of Sarajevo.^{[citation needed]}

Venues

Bjelašnica alpine mountain

Igman Olympic Jumps

Olympic Symbol damaged during the Bosnian War

City venues

• Koševo Stadium – Opening ceremony
• Zetra Ice Hall – figure skating, ice hockey (finals), closing ceremonies
• Zetra Ice Rink – speed skating

Skenderija Complex:

• Mirza Delibašić Hall – ice hockey and main press center

Mountain venues

• Bjelašnica – alpine skiing (men)
• Jahorina – alpine skiing (women)
• Igman, Veliko Polje – cross-country skiing, Nordic combined (cross-country skiing), biathlon
• Igman Olympic Jumps – Nordic combined (ski jumping), ski jumping
• Sarajevo Olympic Bobsleigh and Luge Track at Mt. Trebević – bobsleigh, luge

Other facilities

• City Olympic Village, Mojmilo
• Press Village, Dobrinja
• Hotels: Igman (Igman), Famos (Bjelašnica), Smuk (Bjelašnica), Bistrica (Jahorina)

Competitive events

There were 39 events contested in 6 sports (10 disciplines).

Demonstration sport

• Disabled skiing

Calendar

All dates are in Central European Time (UTC+1)

February		7th Tue	8th Wed	9th Thu	10th Fri	11th Sat	12th Sun	13th Mon	14th Tue	15th Wed	16th Thu	17th Fri	18th Sat	19th Sun	Events
Ceremonies			OC											CC	N/A
Alpine skiing								1	1		2	1		1	6
Biathlon						1			1			1			3
Bobsleigh					●	1						●	1		2
Cross country skiing				1	1		1	1		1	1		1	1	8
Figure skating					●		1	●	1	●	1		1		4
Ice hockey		●		●		●		●		●		●		1	1
Luge				●	●	●	2			1					3
Nordic combined						●	1								1
Ski jumping							1						1		2
Speed skating				1	2		1	1	1	1	1		1		9
Daily medal events				2	3	2	7	3	4	3	5	2	5	3	39
Cumulative total				2	5	7	14	17	21	24	29	31	36	39
February		7th Tue	8th Wed	9th Thu	10th Fri	11th Sat	12th Sun	13th Mon	14th Tue	15th Wed	16th Thu	17th Fri	18th Sat	19th Sun	Total events

Medal count

These are the top ten nations that won medals at the 1984 Winter Games.

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	East Germany (GDR)	9	9	6	24
2	Soviet Union (URS)	6	10	9	25
3	United States (USA)	4	4	0	8
4	Finland (FIN)	4	3	6	13
5	Sweden (SWE)	4	2	2	8
6	Norway (NOR)	3	2	4	9
7	Switzerland (SUI)	2	2	1	5
8	Canada (CAN)	2	1	1	4
	West Germany (FRG)	2	1	1	4
10	Italy (ITA)	2	0	0	2
Totals (10 nations)		38	34	30	102

Podium sweeps

Date	Sport	Event	NOC	Gold	Silver	Bronze
12 February	Luge	Women's singles	East Germany	Steffi Walter-Martin	Bettina Schmidt	Ute Oberhoffner-Weiß
15 February	Speed skating	Women's 3000 metres	East Germany	Andrea Schöne	Karin Enke	Gabi Schönbrunn

Participants

A then record of 49 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) entered athletes at the 1984 Winter Olympic Games.

Egypt, Monaco, Puerto Rico, Senegal, and the British Virgin Islands participated in their 1st Winter Olympic Games.

The People's Republic of China ended its boycott of the Olympic Games over the controversy regarding the IOC's recognition of the Republic of China. The Republic of China (Taiwan) then competed as Chinese Taipei for the first time.

Gallery