Putian dialect has extremely extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced is not affected by the rules.
The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the second syllable):
Tone sandhi of first syllable
dark level 533
light level 13
rising 453
dark departing 42
light departing 11
dark entering ʔ21
light entering ʔ4
dark level 533
11
13
11
light level 13
11
55
42
11
rising 453
13
11
13
11
dark departing 42
55
42
55
42
55
light departing 11
11
55
42
55
dark entering ʔ21
ʔ4
light entering ʔ4
ʔ21
Notes
^Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.[1][2][3]
References
^Mei, Tsu-lin (1970), "Tones and prosody in Middle Chinese and the origin of the rising tone", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 30: 86–110, doi:10.2307/2718766, JSTOR2718766
