Language
|
Word
|
IPA
|
Meaning
|
Notes
|
Afrikaans
|
Standard |
bed
|
[bet]
|
'bed'
|
Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛ⟩. The height varies between close-mid [e] and mid [ɛ̝]. See Afrikaans phonology
|
Arabic
|
Standard
|
مَجۡر۪ىٰهَا/maǧrēhā
|
[mad͡ʒ.reː.haː]
|
|
See imalah
|
Azerbaijani
|
gecə
|
[ɟeˈd͡ʒæ]
|
'night'
|
|
Bavarian
|
Amstetten dialect[3]
|
[example needed]
|
|
|
|
Breton
|
daneg
|
[ˈdãːnek] |
'the Danish language'
|
Unstressed /ɛ/ can be mid [ɛ̝] or close-mid [e] instead.
|
Catalan
|
séc
|
[ˈsek]
|
'fold'
|
See Catalan phonology
|
Chinese
|
Shanghainese
|
该/kè
|
[ke̠ʔ˩]
|
'should'
|
Near-front; realization of /ɛ/, which appears only in open syllables. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to /ɪ/ ([ɪ̞]), which appears only in closed syllables.
|
Chuvash
|
эрешмен
|
[erɛʃ'mɛnʲ]
|
'spider'
|
|
Danish
|
Standard
|
hæl
|
[ˈheːˀl]
|
'heel'
|
Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛː⟩. See Danish phonology
|
Dutch
|
Belgian
|
vreemd
|
[vreːmt]
|
'strange'
|
In the Netherlands often diphthongized to [eɪ]. See Dutch phonology
|
English
|
Australian
|
bed
|
[bed]
|
'bed'
|
See Australian English phonology
|
New Zealand |
The height varies from near-close in broad varieties to mid in the Cultivated variety. See New Zealand English phonology
|
General American
|
may
|
[meː]
|
'may'
|
Most often a closing diphthong [eɪ].
|
General Indian
|
|
General Pakistani
|
Can be a diphthong [eɪ] instead, depending on speaker.
|
Geordie
|
|
Scottish
|
|
Singaporean
|
|
Ulster[18]
|
Pronounced [ɛː~iə] in Belfast.
|
Some Cardiff speakers
|
square
|
[skweː]
|
'square'
|
More often open-mid [ɛː].
|
Yorkshire
|
play
|
[ple̞ː] |
'play' |
|
Scottish
|
bit
|
[bë̞ʔ]
|
'bit'
|
Near-front, may be [ɪ] (also [ə]) instead for other speakers.
|
Cockney
|
bird
|
[bɛ̝̈ːd]
|
'bird'
|
Near-front; occasional realization of /ɜː/. It can be rounded [œ̝ː] or, more often, unrounded central [ɜ̝ː] instead. Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɜː⟩.
|
Estonian |
keha
|
[ˈkeɦɑ̝ˑ]
|
'body'
|
See Estonian phonology
|
French
|
beauté
|
[bot̪e]
|
'beauty'
|
See French phonology
|
German
|
Standard
|
Seele
|
[ˈzeːlə]
|
'soul'
|
See Standard German phonology
|
Many speakers
|
Jäger
|
[ˈjeːɡɐ]
|
'hunter'
|
Outcome of the /ɛː–eː/ merger found universally in Northern Germany, Eastern Germany and Eastern Austria (often even in formal speech) and in some other regions. See Standard German phonology
|
Southern accents
|
Bett
|
[b̥et]
|
'bed'
|
Common realization of /ɛ/ in Southern Germany, Switzerland and Austria. See Standard German phonology
|
Swabian accent
|
Contrasts with the open-mid [ɛ]. See Standard German phonology
|
Greek
|
Sfakian
|
[example needed]
|
|
|
Corresponds to mid [e̞] in Modern Standard Greek. See Modern Greek phonology
|
Hebrew
|
כן/ken
|
[ke̞n]
|
'yes'
|
Hebrew vowels are not shown in the script, see Niqqud and Modern Hebrew phonology
|
Hindustani
|
Hindi
|
के/ke
|
[keː]
|
'of'
|
See Hindustani phonology
|
Urdu
|
کے/ke
|
Hungarian
|
hét
|
[heːt̪]
|
'seven'
|
Also described as mid [e̞ː]. See Hungarian phonology
|
Italian
|
Standard
|
stelle
|
[ˈs̪t̪elle]
|
'stars'
|
See Italian phonology
|
Khmer
|
ទុរេន / tŭrén
|
[tureːn]
|
'durian'
|
See Khmer phonology
|
Korean
|
메아리 / meari
|
[meɐɾi]
|
'echo'
|
See Korean phonology
|
Limburgish
|
Most dialects
|
leef
|
[leːf]
|
'dear'
|
The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect.
|
Lithuanian
|
tėtė
|
[t̪eːt̪eː]
|
'father'
|
'Tete' and 'tėtis' are more commonly used than 'tėtė.'
|
Malay
|
kecil
|
[kə.t͡ʃel]
|
'small'
|
Allophone of /i/ in closed-final syllables. May be [ɪ] or [e̞] depending on the speaker. See Malay phonology
|
Malayalam
|
ചെവി
|
[ȶ͡ɕeʋi]
|
'ear'
|
See Malayalam phonology
|
Marathi
|
एक
|
[e:k]
|
'one'
|
See Marathi phonology
|
Norwegian
|
le
|
[leː]
|
'laugh'
|
The example word is from Urban East Norwegian. See Norwegian phonology
|
Persian
|
سه/se
|
[se]
|
'three'
|
|
Polish
|
dzień
|
[d͡ʑeɲ̟]
|
'day'
|
Allophone of /ɛ/ between palatal or palatalized consonants. See Polish phonology
|
Portuguese
|
mesa
|
[ˈmezɐ]
|
'table'
|
See Portuguese phonology
|
Russian
|
шея/sheja/sheya
|
[ˈʂejə]
|
'neck'
|
Close-mid [e] before and between soft consonants, mid [e̞] after soft consonants. See Russian phonology
|
Saterland Frisian
|
tään
|
[te̠ːn]
|
'thin'
|
Near-front; typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨ɛː⟩. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to /ɪ/ ([ɪ̞]). The vowel typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨eː⟩ is actually near-close [e̝ː].
|
Slovene
|
sedem
|
[ˈsèːdəm]
|
'seven'
|
See Slovene phonology
|
Sotho
|
ho jwetsa
|
[hʊ̠ʒʷet͡sʼɑ̈]
|
'to tell'
|
Contrasts close, near-close and close-mid front unrounded vowels. See Sotho phonology
|
Swedish
|
Central Standard[46]
|
se
|
[s̪eː]
|
'see'
|
Often diphthongized to [eə̯] (hear the word: [s̪eə̯]). See Swedish phonology
|
Tahitian
|
vahine
|
[vahine]
|
'woman'
|
|
Tamil
|
செவி
|
[ȶ͡ɕeʋi]
|
'ear'
|
See Tamil phonology
|
Ukrainian
|
ефі́рний efirnyj
|
[eˈfirnɪj]
|
'ethereal'
|
See Ukrainian phonology
|
Welsh
|
chwech
|
[χweːχ]
|
'six'
|
See Welsh phonology
|
Yoruba |
[example needed] |
|
|
|