Voiceless bilabial fricative
ɸ
IPA Number126
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity (decimal)ɸ
Unicode (hex)U+0278
X-SAMPAp\
Braille
⠨ (braille pattern dots-46)
⠋ (braille pattern dots-124)

The voiceless bilabial fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɸ⟩.

Features

Features of the voiceless bilabial fricative:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Ainu[citation needed] フチ [ɸu̜tʃi] 'grandmother'
Angor[citation needed] fi [ɸi] 'body'
Bengali Eastern dialects ফল [ɸɔl] 'fruit' Allophone of /f/ in Bangladesh and Tripura; /pʰ/ used in Western dialects.
English All dialects pfft [pɸːt] 'pfft' Allophone of /f/ after /p/, /b/, or /m/.
Ewe[1] éƒá [éɸá] 'he polished' Contrasts with /f/
Italian Tuscan[2] i capitani [iˌhäɸiˈθäːni] 'the captains' Intervocalic allophone of /p/.[2] See Italian phonology and Tuscan gorgia.
Itelmen чуфчуф [tʃuɸtʃuɸ] 'rain'
Japanese[3] 腐敗 / fuhai [ɸɯhai] 'decay' Allophone of /h/ before /ɯ/. See Japanese phonology
Kaingang fy [ɸɨ] 'seed'
Korean 후두개 / hudugae [ɸʷudugɛ] 'epiglottis' Allophone of /h/ before /u/. See Korean phonology
Kwama[citation needed] [kòːɸɛ́] 'basket'
Mao[citation needed] [ʔɑ̄ˈɸɑ́ŋ] 'empty'
Māori whakapapa [ɸakapapa] 'genealogy' More commonly [f]. See Māori phonology.
Nepali वाफ [bäɸ] 'vapour' Allophone of /pʰ/. See Nepali phonology
Odoodee[citation needed] pagai [ɸɑɡɑi] 'coconut'
Spanish Some dialects [4][5] fuera [ˈɸwe̞ɾa̠] 'outside' Non-standard variant of /f/. See Spanish phonology
Standard European[6] pub [ˈpa̠ɸ̞] 'pub' An approximant; allophone of /b/ before a pause.[6]
North-Central Peninsular[7] abdicar [a̠ɸðiˈka̠ɾ] 'abdicate' Allophone of /b/ in the coda. In this dialect, the unvoiced coda obstruents - /p, t, k/ - are realized as fricatives only if they precede a voiced consonant; otherwise, they emerge as stops.
Southern Peninsular[8] los vuestros [lɔh ˈɸːwɛhtːɾɔh] 'yours' It varies with [βː] in some accents. Allophone of /b/ after /s/.
Shompen[9] [koɸeoi] 'bench'
Sylheti ꠙꠥꠀ [ɸua] 'boy'
Tahitian ʻōfī [ʔoːɸiː] 'snake' Allophone of /f/
Turkish Some speakers[10] ufuk [uˈɸuk] 'horizon' Allophone of /f/ before rounded vowels and, to a lesser extent, word-finally after rounded vowels.[10] See Turkish phonology
Turkmen fabrik [ɸabrik] 'factory'

See also

References

  1. ^ Ladefoged (2005:156)
  2. ^ a b Hall (1944:75)
  3. ^ Okada (1999:118)
  4. ^ Boyd-Bowman (1953:229)
  5. ^ Cotton & Sharp (1988:15)
  6. ^ a b Wetzels & Mascaró (2001), p. 224.
  7. ^ "Microsoft Word - codaobs-roa.do" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-04-21.
  8. ^ Pérez, Aguilar & Jiménez (1998:225–228)
  9. ^ "The language of the Shom Pen: a language isolate in the Nicobar Islands" (PDF). Mother Tongue XII: 179–202.
  10. ^ a b Göksel & Kerslake (2005:6)

Sources

External links

International Phonetic Alphabet (chart)
Categories