Voiced alveolar implosive
ɗ
IPA Number162
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity (decimal)ɗ
Unicode (hex)U+0257
X-SAMPAd_<
Braille
⠦ (braille pattern dots-236)
⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)

The voiced alveolar implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɗ⟩. The IPA symbol is lowercase letter d with a rightward hook protruding from the upper right of the letter.

Features

Features of the voiced alveolar implosive:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Arabic Bahrani Arabic دار [ɗaːr] 'house' Corresponds to [d] in Standard Arabic and other varieties. See Arabic phonology
Ega[1] [ɗá] 'hide'
Fula ɗiɗi
𞤯𞤭𞤯𞤭		 [ɗiɗi] 'two'
Goemai ḍal [ɗal] 'to swallow'
Hausa ɗaiɗai [ɗei̯ɗei̯] 'one at a time'
Jamaican Patois[2] dem [ɗem] 'them' Allophone of /d/ in the onset of prominent syllables
Kalabari[3] ḍa [ɗà] 'father'
Karajá ti [ɗi] 'bone'
Khmer ដប់ / dáb [ɗɑp] 'ten'
Mono[4] ku‘da [kūɗā] 'debt'
Ongota [ɡaːɗa] 'dull'
Paumarí[5] 'bo'da [ɓoɗa] 'old'
Serri[6] biɗ [biɗ] 'flower' Contrasts phonemically with voiceless implosive
Sindhi ڏر [ɗarʊ] 'crevice'
Shona kudada [kuɗaɗa] 'prideful and pompous'
Tera[7] ɗana [ɗàna] 'to talk'
Tukang Besi [piɗi] 'rubbing a bunny'
Vietnamese[8] đuôi [ɗuəj] 'tail' See Vietnamese phonology
Wambule डि॒ [ɗi] 'name'

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Connell, Ahoua & Gibbon (2002:100)
  2. ^ Devonish & Harry (2004:456)
  3. ^ Harry (2003:113)
  4. ^ Olson (2004:233)
  5. ^ Everett (2003:23)
  6. ^ Mc Laughlin (2005:100)
  7. ^ Tench (2007:228)
  8. ^ Thompson (1959:458–461)

References

  • Connell, Bruce; Ahoua, Firmin; Gibbon, Dafydd (2002), "Ega", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 32 (1): 99–104, doi:10.1017/S002510030200018X
  • Devonish, H; Harry, Otelamate G. (2004), "Jamaican phonology", in Kortman, B; Shneider E. W. (eds.), A Handbook of Varieties of English, phonology, vol. 1, Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter, pp. 441–471
  • Everett, Daniel L. (2003), "Iambic Feet in Paumari and the Theory of Foot Structure", Linguistic Discovery, 2 (1), doi:10.1349/ps1.1537-0852.a.263, ISSN 1537-0852
  • Harry, Otelemate (2003), "Kalaḅarị-Ịjo", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (1): 113–120, doi:10.1017/S002510030300121X
  • Keer, Edward (1999), Geminates, The OCP and The Nature of CON, Rutgers University
  • Mc Laughlin, Fiona (2005), "Voiceless implosives in Seereer-Siin", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 35 (2): 201–214, doi:10.1017/S0025100305002215, S2CID 145717014
  • Olson, Kenneth S. (2004), "Mono" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 34 (2): 233–238, doi:10.1017/S0025100304001744
  • Tench, Paul (2007), "Tera", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 37 (1): 228–234, doi:10.1017/s0025100307002952
  • Thompson, Laurence (1959), "Saigon phonemics", Language, 35 (3): 454–476, doi:10.2307/411232, JSTOR 411232

External links

International Phonetic Alphabet (chart)
Categories