The voiceless bilabial nasal is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨m̥⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced bilabial nasal and a diacritic indicating voicelessness. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is m_0.

Features

Voiceless bilabial nasal.svg

Features of the voiceless bilabial nasal:

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Burmese[1] မှာ/hma: [m̥à] 'notice'
Central Alaskan Yup'ik[2] pisteḿun [ˈpistəm̥un] 'to the servant'
Estonian[3] lehm [ˈlehm̥] 'cow' Word-final allophone of /m/ after /t, s, h/.[3] See Estonian phonology
French prisme [pχis̪m̥] 'prism' Allophone of /m/. See French phonology
Hmong Hmoob [m̥ɔ̃́] 'Hmong'
Icelandic hampur [ˈham̥pʏr] 'hemp' See Icelandic phonology
Jalapa Mazatec[4] hma [m̥a] 'black' Contrasts with a voiced and a laryngealized bilabial nasal.
Kildin Sami[5] лēӎӎьк/ljeehmhmk [lʲeːm̥ʲːk] 'strap'
Muscogee camhcá:ka [t͡ʃəm̥t͡ʃɑːɡə] 'bell'
Ukrainian[6] ритм/ritm [rɪt̪m̥] 'rhythm' Word-final allophone of /m/ after voiceless consonants.[6] See Ukrainian phonology
Washo Mášdɨmmi [ˈm̥aʃdɨmmi] 'he's hiding'
Welsh[7] fy mhen [və m̥ɛn] 'my head' Occurs as the nasal mutation of /p/. See Welsh phonology
Xumi Lower[8] [m̥ɛ̃˦] 'medicine' Contrasts with the voiced /m/.[8][9]
Upper[9]
Yi Language ꂚ Hma [m̥a] 'Cuckoo Tree'

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996), p. 111.
  2. ^ Jacobson (1995), p. 3.
  3. ^ a b Asu & Teras (2009), p. 368.
  4. ^ Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996), p. 107.
  5. ^ Kuruch (1985:529)
  6. ^ a b Danyenko & Vakulenko (1995), p. 6.
  7. ^ Jones (1984:51)
  8. ^ a b Chirkova & Chen (2013), pp. 365, 367.
  9. ^ a b Chirkova, Chen & Kocjančič Antolík (2013), pp. 382–383.

References

  • Asu, Eva Liina; Teras, Pire (2009), "Estonian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39 (3): 367–372, doi:10.1017/s002510030999017x
  • Chirkova, Katia; Chen, Yiya (2013), "Xumi, Part 1: Lower Xumi, the Variety of the Lower and Middle Reaches of the Shuiluo River" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (3): 363–379, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000157[permanent dead link]
  • Chirkova, Katia; Chen, Yiya; Kocjančič Antolík, Tanja (2013), "Xumi, Part 2: Upper Xumi, the Variety of the Upper Reaches of the Shuiluo River" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (3): 381–396, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000169[permanent dead link]
  • Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995), Ukrainian, Lincom Europa, ISBN 9783929075083
  • Jacobson, Steven (1995), A Practical Grammar of the Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimo Language, Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, ISBN 978-1-55500-050-9
  • Jones, Glyn E. (1984), "The distinctive vowels and consonants of Welsh", in Martin J. Ball and Glyn E. Jones (ed.), Welsh Phonology: Selected Readings, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, pp. 40–64, ISBN 0-7083-0861-9
  • Kuruch, Rimma (1985), Краткий грамматический очерк саамского языка (PDF) (in Russian), Moscow
  • Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996), The Sounds of the World's Languages, Oxford: Blackwell, ISBN 0-631-19815-6

External links

International Phonetic Alphabet (chart)
Categories