Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate | |||
---|---|---|---|
dʑ | |||
ɟʑ | |||
IPA Number | 216 | ||
Audio sample | |||
Encoding | |||
Entity (decimal) | ʥ | ||
Unicode (hex) | U+02A5 | ||
X-SAMPA | d_z\ | ||
|
The voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represent this sound are ⟨d͡ʑ⟩, ⟨d͜ʑ⟩, ⟨ɟ͡ʑ⟩ and ⟨ɟ͜ʑ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are d_z\
and J\_z\
, though transcribing the stop component with ⟨ɟ⟩ (J\
in X-SAMPA) is rare. The tie bar may be omitted, yielding ⟨dʑ⟩ or ⟨ɟʑ⟩ in the IPA and dz\
or J\z\
in X-SAMPA.
Neither [d] nor [ɟ] are a completely narrow transcription of the stop component, which can be narrowly transcribed as [d̠ʲ] (retracted and palatalized [d]), [ɟ̟] or [ɟ˖] (both symbols denote an advanced [ɟ]). The equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are d_-'
or d_-_j
and J\_+
, respectively. There is also a dedicated symbol ⟨ȡ⟩, which is not a part of the IPA. Therefore, narrow transcriptions of the voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant affricate include [d̠ʲʑ], [ɟ̟ʑ], [ɟ˖ʑ] and [ȡʑ].
This affricate used to have a dedicated symbol ⟨ʥ⟩, which was one of the six dedicated symbols for affricates in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It is the sibilant equivalent of voiced palatal affricate.
Features of the voiced alveolo-palatal affricate:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bengali | যখন | [d͡ʑɔkʰon] | 'when' | See Bengali phonology | |
Catalan[1] | All dialects | mitjà | [mɪ(d)ˈd͡ʑa] | 'medium' | See Catalan phonology |
Valencian | joc | [ˈd͡ʑɔk] | 'game' | ||
Chinese | Some Mandarin speakers | 機器 / jīqì | [d͡ʑi˦ t͡ɕʰi˥˩] | 'machine' | Contrasts with unaspirated [t͡ɕ]. See Standard Chinese phonology |
Southern Min | 日 / ji̍t | [d͡ʑit̚˧ʔ] | 'sun' | ||
Wu | 渠 | [d͡ʑy] | 'he/she/it' | ||
Irish | Some dialects[2][3][4] | dearg | [d͡ʑaɾˠəɡ] | 'red' | Realization of the palatalized alveolar stop /dʲ/ in dialects such as Erris, Teelin and Tourmakeady.[2][3][4] See Irish phonology |
Japanese | 知人 / chijin | [t͡ɕid͡ʑĩɴ] | 'acquaintance' | See Japanese phonology | |
Korean | 편지 / pyeonji | [pʰjɘːnd͡ʑi] | 'letter' | See Korean phonology | |
Malay | Jambi | توجوه / tujuh | [tud͡ʑʊh] | 'seven' | See Jambi Malay |
Polish[5] | dźwięk | ![]() |
'sound' | See Polish phonology | |
Romanian | Banat dialect[6] | des | [d͡ʑes] | 'frequent' | Allophone of /d/ before front vowels. Corresponds to [d] in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology |
Russian | дочь бы | [ˈd̪o̞d͡ʑ bɨ] | 'daughter would' | Allophone of /t͡ɕ/ before voiced consonants. See Russian phonology | |
Sema[7] | aji | [à̠d͡ʑì] | 'blood' | Possible allophone of /ʒ/ before /i, e/; can be realized as [ʑ ~ ʒ ~ d͡ʒ] instead.[7] | |
Serbo-Croatian[8][9] | ђаво / đavo | [d͡ʑâ̠ʋo̞ː] | 'devil' | Merges with /d͡ʒ/ in Kajkavian and Chakavian dialects. See Serbo-Croatian phonology | |
Uzbek[10] | [example needed] | ||||
Xumi | Lower[11] | [d͡ʑɐʔ˦] | 'water' | ||
Upper[12] | [d͡ʑɐ̝˦] | ||||
Yi | ꐚ / jji | [d͡ʑi˧] | 'bee' |