- ^ a b c The Archi Language Tutorial. The source uses the symbol for the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative for the fricative part of this sound (⟨k͡ɬ⟩), but also indicates the sound to be prevelar.
| Voiceless velar lateral affricate | |
|---|---|
| k𝼄 | |
| kʟ̝̊ | |
| Audio sample | |
The voiceless velar lateral affricate is a relatively uncommon speech sound found as a phoneme in the Caucasus and as an allophone in several languages of eastern and southern Africa. In strict IPA, it needs to be transcribed with diacritics, but a proper letter exists in extIPA: ⟨k͜𝼄⟩.
Archi, a Northeast Caucasian language of Dagestan, has two such affricates, plain [k𝼄] and labialized [k𝼄ʷ], though they are further forward than velars in most languages, and might better be called prevelar. Archi also has ejective variants of its lateral affricates, several voiceless lateral fricatives, and a voiced lateral fricative at the same place of articulation, but no alveolar lateral fricatives or affricates.[1]
Zulu and Xhosa have a voiceless lateral affricate as an allophone of their voiceless velar affricate. Hadza has an ejective velar lateral affricate as an allophone of its velar ejective affricate. Indeed, in Hadza this [k͜𝼄ʼ] contrasts with a palatal lateral ejective affricate, [c͜𝼆ʼ]. ǁXegwi is reported to have contrasted velar /k͜𝼄/ from alveolar /t͜ɬ/.
Features of the voiceless velar lateral affricate:
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Archi[1] | лӀон/ƛon | [k͜𝼄on] | 'a flock' | Pre-velar.[1] |
| Bezhta | [example needed] | |||
