Indonesian faunal emblems are Indonesian endemic fauna that gain the status as national animal symbol that represent Indonesia and describe Indonesian biodiversity. Today there are three animals that gained the status as Indonesian faunal emblems: Komodo dragon, Javan hawk-eagle and Asian arowana. Next to national animal symbols, there are also more specific provincial faunal emblems that represent each respective provinces of Indonesia.

Indonesian national faunal emblems

Komodo is an Indonesian endemic animal found only in Komodo, Padar and Rinca island within Komodo National Park. The surviving largest lizard on earth is easily recognised as Indonesian national animal. Komodo also becomes the emblem of East Nusa Tenggara province.

Elang Jawa or Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) an endangered raptor endemic to the mountainous forest regions of Java. The Javan hawk-eagle was chosen because its resemblance to the Garuda Pancasila, the most obvious physical traits is the prominent crest crowning its head and the plumage coloured dark-brownish to chestnut-gold. By Presidential decree, the Javan hawk-eagle was legally registered as considered as the national bird of Indonesia, and thus attributing the endangered species very high protection.

Arwana merah (red Asian arowana) is designated as the Indonesian national animal of charm and also national fish. Native to rivers of Sumatra and Indonesian Borneo, Asian arowana is highly adapted to freshwater and usually inhabits blackwater rivers, forested swamps and wetlands. Besides red, Asian arowana has other colour varieties (for example; green, silver and golden) which only can be found in specific geographic regions in Sumatra and Kalimantan.

Status Animal name Image
National animal[1][2] Komodo dragon
National rare animal also national bird[2] Javan hawk-eagle
National animal of charm also national fish[2] Asian arowana

Indonesian provincial faunal emblems

Each of 34 Provinces of Indonesia have their own faunal emblems that represents their provinces. The faunal emblems are:

Province Provincial identity animal Image
Aceh Rufous-tailed shama
North Sumatra Nias myna
West Sumatra Great argus
Riau Blue-crowned hanging parrot
Riau Islands Humphead snapper
Jambi Sumatran tiger
South Sumatra Giant featherback
Bangka–Belitung Islands Horsfield's tarsier
Bengkulu Sun bear
Lampung Sumatran elephant
Banten Javan rhinoceros
Jakarta Brahminy kite
West Java Javan leopard
Central Java Black-naped oriole
Special Region of Yogyakarta Zebra dove
East Java Bekisar
West Kalimantan Helmeted hornbill
Central Kalimantan Bornean peacock-pheasant
East Kalimantan Irrawaddy dolphin
North Kalimantan Rhinoceros hornbill
South Kalimantan Proboscis monkey
Bali Bali starling
West Nusa Tenggara Sunda deer
East Nusa Tenggara Komodo dragon
South East Sulawesi Anoa
South Sulawesi Knobbed hornbill
West Sulawesi Snoring rail
Central Sulawesi Maleo
Gorontalo Dussumier's mullet
North Sulawesi Spectral tarsier
North Maluku Standardwing
Maluku Moluccan king parrot
West Papua Red bird-of-paradise
Papua Twelve-wired bird-of-paradise

Meanwhile, Helmeted friarbird (Philemon buceroides) was designated as faunal emblem of ex-province Timor Timur (1976-1999).

See also

References

  1. ^ Goodwin, Harold J.; Kent, Ivan; Parker, Kim; Walpole, Matt (1998). Tourism, conservation, and sustainable development. London: International Institute for Environment and Development. p. 4. ISBN 1904035256. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
  2. ^ a b c "Keputusan Presiden (KEPPRES) tentang Satwa dan Bunga Nasional" [Presidential Decrees Number 4 of 1993]. Presidential Decrees No. 4 of 1993 (in Indonesian). Government of the Republic of Indonesia. p. 1-4. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
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