Proto-Munda is the reconstructed proto-language of the Munda languages of South Asia. It has been reconstructed by Sidwell & Rau (2015). According to Sidwell, the Proto-Munda language split from Proto- Austroasiatic in Indochina and arrived on the coast of Odisha around 4000 – 3500 years ago.[1]
The following Proto-Munda lexical proto-forms have been reconstructed by Sidwell & Rau (2015: 319, 340-363).[2] Two asterisks are given to denote the tentative, preliminary state of the proto-language reconstruction.
Gloss
Proto-Munda
belly
**(sə)laɟ
big
**məraŋ
to bite
**kaˀp
black
**kE(n)dE
blood
**məjam
bone
**ɟaːˀŋ
to burn (vt.)
**gEˀp
claw/nail
**rəmAj
cloud
**tərIˀp
cold
**raŋ
die (of a person)
**gOˀj
dog
**sOˀt
to drink (water)
**uˀt, **uˀk
dry (adj./stat.)
**(ə)sAr
ear
**lutur, **luˀt
earth/soil
**ʔOte
to eat
**ɟOm
egg
**(ə)tAˀp
eye
**maˀt
fat/grease/oil
**sunum
feather
**bəlEˀt
fire
**səŋal
fish (n.)
**ka, **kadO(ŋ)
fly (v.)
**pEr
foot
**ɟəːˀŋ
give
**ʔam
hair (of head)
**suˀk
hand
**tiːˀ
to hear/listen
**ajɔm
heart, liver
**(gə)rE, **ʔim
horn
**dəraŋ
I
**(n)iɲ
to kill
**(bə)ɡOˀɟ
leaf
**Olaːˀ
to lie (down)
**gətiˀc
long
**ɟəlƏŋ
louse (head)
**siːˀ
man/husband, person/human
**kOrOˀ
meat/flesh
**ɟəlU(Uˀ)
moon
**harkE, **aŋaj
mountain/hill
**bəru(uˀ)
mouth
**təmOˀt
name
**ɲUm
neck
**kO, **gOˀk
new
**təmI
night
**(m)ədiˀp
nose
**muːˀ
not
**əˀt
one
**mOOˀj
rain
**gəma
red
**ɟəŋAˀt
road, path
**kOrA
root (of a tree)
**rEˀt
sand
**kEˀt
see
**(n)El
sit
**kO
skin
**usal
sleep
**gətiˀc
smoke (n.)
**mOˀk
to speak, say
**sun, **gam, **kaj
to stand
**tənaŋ, **tƏŋgə
stone
**bərƏl, **sərEŋ
sun
**siŋi(iˀ)
tail
**pata
thigh
**buluuˀ
that (dist.)
**han
this (prox.)
**En
thou/you
**(n)Am
tongue
**laːˀŋ
tooth
**gənE
tree
**ɟiːˀ
two
**baːˀr
to walk, go
**sEn
to weave
**ta(aˀ)ɲ
water
**daːˀk
woman/wife
**selA, **kəni
yellow
**saŋsaŋ
Proto-Munda reconstruction has since been revised and improved by Rau (2019).
^Sidwell, Paul and Felix Rau (2015). "Austroasiatic Comparative-Historical Reconstruction: An Overview." In Jenny, Mathias and Paul Sidwell, eds (2015). The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages. Leiden: Brill.