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((Short description|Muslim ethnic group found in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India))
((moresources|date=April 2019))
((EngvarB|date=April 2019))
((Use dmy dates|date=April 2019))
The '''Malkana''' are a Muslim ethnic group found in the states of [[Uttar Pradesh]] and [[Bihar]] of India.<ref name="Sajjad2014">((cite book|author=Mohammad Sajjad|title=Muslim Politics in Bihar: Changing Contours|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qiRHBAAAQBAJ|date=13 August 2014|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-55981-8|pages=64–68))</ref>

==History and origin==
In [[Agra District]], the Malkana claimed descent from a number of Hindu [[castes]]. Those of [[Kiraoli]], where they occupy five villages, claim descent from a [[Jat]].<ref name="SikandKatju1994">((cite journal |last1=Sikand |first1=Yoginder |last2=Katju |first2=Manjari |title=Mass Conversions to Hinduism among Indian Muslims |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |date=20 August 1994 |volume=29 |issue=34 |pages=2216 |language=English))</ref>

In Bihar, the Malkana are mainly concentrated in the erstwhile [[Shahabad district]].<ref name="Sajjad2014" /> In 1923, there were a recorded 1300 Malkanas in Shahabad alone. They adopted Islam due to [[Sufi]] saints. Because of being plundered by foreign invaders they adopted [[Islam]] ((citation needed |date=August 2023)). [[Arya Samaj]] [[Swami Shraddhanand]]'s [[Shuddhi (Hinduism)|Shuddhi]] movement aimed at converting them to [[Hinduism]], which led to Abdul Rashid, who shot him death in Delhi<ref>((cite news|title=Swami Shraddhanand, who fell to bullets in December 1926|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-was-swami-shraddhanand-who-fell-to-bullets-in-december-1926-6188039/lite/))</ref><ref name="Sajjad2014" /> Many Muslim leaders attempted to counter this leading to religious tensions in Shahabad, Gaya and Munger.<ref name="Sajjad2014" /> 

There were splits in the community, with many members of the community converted to Hinduism in the early part of the  20th century, during the course of the [[Shuddhi (Hinduism)|shuddhi]] movement. The shuddhi campaign among the Malkanas, was launched in early 1923 and led by the [[Arya Samaj]] under [[Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya]]. This re-conversion campaign reached its peak by the end of 1927, by which time some 1,63,000 Malkana Muslims are said to have been brought into the Hindu fold.<ref>''Hindu-Muslim Relations in British India: a study of Controversy, Conflict and Communal Movements in Northern India 1923 to 1928'', by Gene R. Thursby.</ref>

==References==
((reflist))
((Indian Muslim))

[[Category:Jat clans of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Muslim communities of Uttar Pradesh]]

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