An ethnolinguistic map of Burma (note: A number of ethnic minorities are not acknowledged on this map including the Rakhine who make up 3.5 percent of the population).
Myanmar (also known as Burma) is an ethnically diverse nation with 135 distinct ethnic groups officially recognised by the Burmese Government . These are grouped into eight "major national ethnic races":
Bamar Chin Kachin Karen Kayah Mon Rakhine Shan [1] The "major national ethnic races" are grouped primarily according to region rather than linguistic or ethnic affiliation, as for example the Shan Major National Ethnic Race includes 33 ethnic groups speaking languages in at least four widely differing language families.[2]
Many unrecognised ethnic groups exist, the largest being the Burmese Chinese and Panthay (who together form 3% of the population), Burmese Indians (who form 2% of the population), Rohingya , Anglo-Burmese and Gurkha . There are no official statistics regarding the population of the latter two groups, although unofficial estimates place around 52,000 Anglo-Burmese in Burma with around 1.6 million outside the country.
Officially recognized ethnic groups
Note : The list is very controversial. Many of the names and spelling variants are known only from this list.[3] [4]
Kachin comprises 12 different ethnic groups
1. Kachin see: Jingpo people
2. Tarone see: Taron people
3. Dalaung, unknown[5]
4. Jinghpaw see: Singpho people
5. Guari, unknown[5]
6. Hkahku see: Jingpo people
7. Duleng, unknown[5]
8. Maru (Lawgore )
9. Rawang see Nung Rawang
10. Lashi La Chit )
11. Atsi see Zaiwa language
12. Lisu Kayah comprises 9 different ethnic groups
Note, a known questionable source.[6]
13. Kayah (Karenni )
14. Zayein (Lahta; Gaungto; Loilong Karens )
15. Ka-Yun (Kayan; Padaung )
16. Gheko (Karen, Geko )
17. Kebar, maybe translation error for Geba Karen language
18. Bre (Ka-Yaw; Kayaw )
19. Manu Manaw (Manumanaw )
20. Yin Talai, maybe Yintale
21. Yin Baw (Yinbaw ) Kayin comprises 11 different ethnic groups
22. Karen (Kayin )
23. Kayinpyu (Geba Karen )
24. Pa-Le-Chi, maybe Mobwa
25. Mon Kayin (Sarpyu ), unknown[5]
26. Sgaw (Karen, S’gaw )
27. Ta-Lay-Pwa, unknown[5]
28. Paku (Karen, Paku )
29. Bwe (Bwe Karen )
30. Monnepwa (Karen, Paku )
31. Monpwa, unknown[5]
32. Shu (Pwo Kayin ) Chin comprises 53 different ethnic groups
Possibly originally a list of tax rate districts. With the highest tax first.
33. Chin
34. Meithei (Meitei ; Kathe )
35. Saline
36. Ka-Lin-Kaw (Lushay )
37. Khumi (Khami )
38. Mro-Khimi people
39. Khawno
40. Kaungso
41. Kaung Saing Chin
42. Kwelshin(Khualsim)
43. Kwangli (Sim )
44. Gunte (Lyente; Falam )
45. Gwete (Guite )
46. Ngorn (Chin, Ngawn )
47. Siyin (Sizaang), (Sizang)[5]
48. Sentang
49. Saing Zan
50. Za-How(Zahau)
51. Zotung
52. Zo-Pe
53. Zo
54. Zanniat (Zanniet )
55. Tapong
56. Tiddim (Hai-Dim )
57. Tay-Zan
58. Taishon (Tashon)
59. Thado
60. Torr (Tawr )
61. Dim
62. Dai (Yindu )
63. Naga
64. Tangkhul
65. Malin
66. Panun
67. Magun
68. Matu
69. Miram (Mara, Shendu, Lakher , etc.)
70. Mi-er
71. Mgan
72. Lushei, a clan of the Mizos (Lushay )
73. Laymyo
74. Lyente
75. Lautu
76. Lai (Haka Chin )
77. Laizao
78. Mro (Wakim)
79. Hualngo
80. Anu
81. Anun
82. Oo-Pu
83. Lhinbu
84. Asho (Plain )
85. Rongtu Burman comprises 9 ethnic groups
86. Burman (Bamar )
87. Dawei of Dawei city
88. Beik
89. Yaw
90. Yabein
91. Kadu (Kado )
92. Ganan
93. Salone (Salon; Moken )
94. Hpon Mon comprises 1 ethnic group
95. Mon Rakhine comprises 7 ethnic groups
96. Rakhine (Arakanese )
97. Kamein
98. Khami
99. Daingnet
100. Maramagyi
101. Mro people (Awa Khami)
102. Thet Shan comprises 33 ethnic groups
103. Shan (Tai )
104. Yun (Lao )
105. Kwi
106. Pyin
107. Yao (Hmong; Mien )
108. Danaw (Danau )
109. Pale
110. Eng (En )
111. Son
112. Khamu (Khmu )
113. Kaw (Akha-E-Kaw )
114. Kokant (Kokang )
115. Khamti Shan
116. Hkun (Khün )
117. Taungyo
118. Danu
119. Palaung
120. Man Zi
121. Yin Kya
122. Yin Net
123. Shan Gale
124. Shan Gyi
125. Lahu
126. Intha
127. Eik-swair
128. Pa-O (Taungthu; Black Karen )
129. Tai-Loi
130. Tai-Leng (Red Shan)
131. Tai-Lon
132. Tai-Lay
133. Maingtha (Achang )
134. Maw Shan
135. Wa (Va )
Unrecognised ethnic groups
The Government of Myanmar (Burma) does not recognise several ethnic groups as being among the list of 135 officially recognised ethnic groups:
Language ISO 639-3 codes
Note : This is a list of is languages, and the name of a language are not always the same as the name of an ethnic group.
Achang [acn]Akeu [aeu]Akha [ahk]Anal [anm]Anong [nun]Blang [blr]Burmese [mya]Chak [ckh]Chakma [ccp]Chin :
Chin, Anu-Hkongso [anl]
Chin, Asho [csh]
Chin, Bawm [bgr]
Chin, Bualkhaw [cbl]
Chin, Chinbon [cnb]
Chin, Daai [dao]
Chin, Dim [ctd]
Chin, Eastern Khumi [cek]
Chin, Falam [cfm]
Chin, Haka [cnh]
Chin, Kaang [ckn]
Chin, Khumi [cnk]
Chin, Laitu [clj]
Chin, Lautu [clt]
Chin, Mara [mrh]
Chin, Matu [hlt]
Chin, Mizo [lus]
Chin, Mro-Khimi [cmr]
Chin, Müün [mwq]
Chin, Ngawn [cnw]
Chin, Rawngtu [weu]
Chin, Rungtu [rtc]
Chin, Senthang [sez]
Chin, Siyin [csy]
Chin, Songlai [csj]
Chin, Sumtu [csv]
Chin, Tawr [tcp]
Chin, Tedim [ctd]
Chin, Thado [tcz]
Chin, Thaiphum [cth]
Chin, Zotung [czt]
Chin, Zyphe [zyp]
Chin, Zanniat language Chinese :
Danau [dnu]Danu [dnv]Drung [duu]Hmong Njua [hnj]Hpon [hpo]Intha [int]Jingpho [kac]Kadu [zkd]Kanan [zkn]Karen :
Kayah :
Kedah Malay [meo]Kayan [pdu]Kayaw [kvl]Khamti [kht]Khün [kkh]Lahta [kvt]Lahu [lhu]Lahu Shi [lhi]Lashi [lsi]Lhao Vo [mhx]Lisu [lis]Lü [khb]Manumanaw [kxf]Moken [mwt]Mon [mnw]Mru [mro]Naga :
Naga, Akyaung Ari [nqy]
Naga, Khiamniungan [kix]
Naga, Koki [nxk]
Naga, Konyak [nbe]
Naga, Kyan-Karyaw [nqq]
Naga, Lao [nlq]
Naga, Leinong [lzn]
Naga, Long Phuri [lpn]
Naga, Makuri [jmn]
Naga, Makyan [umn]
Naga, Para [pzn]
Naga, Ponyo-Gongwang [npg]
Naga, Tangkhul [ntx]
Naga, Tase [nst] Nusu [nuf]Palaung :
Pali [pli]Pa’o [blk]Pyen [pyy]Rakhine [rki]Rawang [raw]Riang [ril]Samtao [stu]Shan [shn]Tai Laing [tjl]Tai Loi [tlq]Tai Nüa [tdd]Taman [tcl]Taungyo [tobacco]Tavoyan [tvn]Tibetan :
Wa :
Wewaw [wea]Yinbaw [kvu]Yinchia [yin]Yintale [yin]Zaiwa [atb]Zayein [kxk]Zo [zom] Thaungtha is similar with rabain
