South Carolina General Assembly
Great Seal of the State of South Carolina
Type
Type	Bicameral
Houses	Senate House of Representatives
Leadership
President of the Senate	Thomas Alexander (R) since December 6, 2021
Speaker of the House	Murrell Smith (R) since May 12, 2022
Structure
Seats	170 voting members: 46 Senators 124 Representatives
Senate political groups	Republican (30)   Democratic (15)   Independent (1)
House political groups	Republican (88)   Democratic (36)[1]
Elections
Last Senate election	November 2020
Last House election	November 2022
Meeting place
South Carolina State House, Columbia
Website
http://www.scstatehouse.gov/

The South Carolina General Assembly, also called the South Carolina Legislature, is the state legislature of the U.S. state of South Carolina. The legislature is bicameral and consists of the lower South Carolina House of Representatives and the upper South Carolina Senate. All together, the General Assembly consists of 170 members. The legislature convenes at the State House in Columbia.

Prior to the 1964 federal Reynolds v. Sims decision by the U.S. Supreme Court, each county doubled as a legislative district, with each county electing one senator and at least one representative. Moreover, each county's General Assembly delegation also doubled as its county council, as the state constitution made no provision for local government.

The "one man, one vote" provision of Reynolds v. Sims^[2] caused district lines to cross county lines, causing legislators to be on multiple county councils. This led to the passage of the Home Rule Act of 1975, which created county councils that were independent of the General Assembly. However, the General Assembly still retains considerable authority over local government. As a result, the legislature still devotes considerable time to local matters, and county legislative delegations still handle many matters that are handled by county governments in the rest of the country.^[3]

There are 146 members of the South Carolina House of Representatives, who are elected every two years, and the South Carolina Senate has 46 members, elected every four years concurrent to the presidential election. For both houses, there are no term limits. The General Assembly meets in joint session to elect judges, with all 170 members having an equal vote in such elections.

Role

The main role of the South Carolina General Assembly is to pass laws "as the common good may require."^[4] In order for a bill to become law, both the Senate and House of Representatives must vote to pass the bill by a simple majority. Then the bill must be sent to the governor. If the governor vetoes the bill, both houses can either sustain the veto or override the veto. Veto overrides require a two-thirds majority. Once he receives the bill, if the governor neither signs nor vetoes the bill, it becomes law after five days, Sundays excluded.^[5]

Qualifications

Senators

According to the South Carolina Constitution, no person may serve as a senator who:^[6]

• Is not qualified to vote in state elections
• Is not a resident of the district in which he or she seeks to represent
• Is not at least 25 years of age
• Has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a felony or voter fraud or bribery unless 15 years has elapsed since the time was served.

Representatives

According to the South Carolina Constitution, no person may serve as a representative who:^[7]

• Is not qualified to vote in state elections
• Is not a resident of the district in which he or she seeks to represent
• Is not at least 21 years of age
• Has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a felony or voter fraud or bribery unless 15 years has elapsed since the time was served.

Officers

Senate

House of Representatives

Historic Party Control