This is a list of technology centers throughout the world. Government planners and business networks often incorporate "silicon" or "valley" into place names to describe their own areas as a result of the success of Silicon Valley in California. Metrics may be applied to measure qualitative differences between these places, including:
How much and to what extent public and/or private research and development (R&D) funds are spent in the zones
What percentage of local employment is technology related
If the zone is mainly government funded or is mainly corporate driven (or is it a mix of both)
If mainly corporate, how much revenue and profit and which corporations have headquarters there
If mainly corporate, how much venture capital has been made available to companies in the zone
What supporting higher educational institutions (e.g., universities or colleges) are located nearby
Globally prominent clusters
Silicon Valley: Originating in Stanford University (Palo Alto and Menlo Park), and spreading south towards San Jose, California, and suburbs. San Francisco and nearby areas including Berkeley and Oakland are technically not part of Silicon Valley but have seen growth in industries such as web development since the 90s and venture capital. Silicon Valley, home to two of the largest Big Tech companies, Apple and Google, has maintained dominance for decades in core industries such as microprocessor development as well as software and apps development[1][2]
Greater Seattle: one of the largest tech clusters in the world, home to two of the largest & wealthiest Big Tech companies: Microsoft and Amazon, as well as Boeing, Nintendo, and most other major tech players have significant presence and research centers in Greater Seattle. University of Washington and Puget Sound vicinity is also home to a large numbers of notable companies & startups in Life Sciences, biotechnology, medical, video/online game, aerospace, aviation, fintech, technology investment, funds, venture capital, as well as various research & technology centers
Cambridge Cluster: The name given to the region around Cambridge, England, which is home to a large cluster of high-tech businesses focusing on software, electronics and biotechnology, among others AstraZeneca. Many of these businesses have connections with the University of Cambridge, and the area is now one of the most important technology centres in Europe
Shenzhen-Hong Kong Greater Bay Area: Asia's largest technology cluster, is globally dominant in tech manufacturing, consumer software, research, serving global and largest tech consumer market. Home to some of the largest global tech companies, such as Tencent and others
Geneva, Switzerland is globally dominant in particle physics at CERN and various frontier scientific & technology research
Greater Shanghai, including Hangzhou and others in Yangtze River Delta, is globally dominant technology cluster with companies such as Alibaba, Apple, Amazon and Tesla global manufacturing
Chilecon Valley: Santiago, Chile. The name was first coined by The Economist. Santiago is home of Start-Up Chile, the most important government sponsored accelerator worldwide.[43]
Costa Rica
Silicon Paradise: Southern Nicoya Peninsula: Santa Teresa de Cobano, Delicias, Montezuma.
Mexico
Mexican Silicon Valley/Silicon Valley South: Jalisco, Mexico
Silicon Forest (Newark, Nottinghamshire): Silicon Forest consists of various businesses from in and around the Newark and Sherwood area that specialise in technology and innovation.
Silicon Mallee (Adelaide, Australia; Mallee, an Australian aboriginal word for the land area around Adelaide covered by low, scrubby dwarf eucalyptus "mallee" vegetation)
Silicon St, Sydney" An inner city colloquial district including Ultimo/Pyrmont along Harris St spanning 10 km2 from UTS to Google including Fishburners
Silicon Beach: A term used by those in the Australian startup community to refer to the startup ecosystem within Australian cities, in particular by Meetup groups like Silicon Beach Sydney and Silicon Beach Adelaide
