Part of the Politics series |
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This article lists political parties in the Netherlands, which has a multi-party system with numerous political parties, in which any one party has little chance of gaining power alone, and parties often work with each other to form coalition governments.
The lower house of the legislature, the House of Representatives, is elected by a national party-list system of proportional representation. There is no threshold for getting a seat, making it possible for a party to get a seat with only two-thirds percent of the vote—roughly one seat for every 67,000 votes.
No party has won a majority of seats since the election of 1894,[1] and no party has even approached the seats needed for a majority since the current proportional representation system was implemented in 1918. All Dutch governments since then have been coalitions between two or more parties. However, there is a broad consensus on the basic principles of the political system, and all parties must adjust their goals to some extent in order to have a realistic chance at being part of the government.
Party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | Affiliation | Ref. | ||||
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European | International | ||||||||
Alliantie | Alliance Alliantie |
New social contract | Centre-right | Vacant | — | — | — | ||
CO | ![]() |
Code Orange Code Oranje |
Direct democracy | Syncretic | Bert Blase | — | — | — | |
NVU | Dutch People's Union Nederlandse Volks-Unie |
Ethnic nationalism | Far-right | Constant Kusters | — | — | — | ||
OPA | Elderly Politically Active Ouderen Politiek Actief |
Pensioners' interests | Single-issue politics | Vacant | — | — | — | ||
VSN | Free and Social Netherlands Vrij en Sociaal Nederland |
Humanism | Centre | Bas Filippini | — | — | — | ||
VP | Free-minded Party Vrijzinnige Partij |
Liberalism | Centre | Vacant | — | — | — | ||
HVV | Heart for Freedom Hart voor Vrijheid |
Antivax | Syncretic | Vacant | — | — | — | ||
LHK | ![]() |
Henk Krol List Lijst Henk Krol |
Progressive conservatism | Centre-right | Vacant | — | — | — | |
JL | Jesus Lives Jezus Leeft |
Evangelism | Right-wing | Florens van der Spek | — | — | — | ||
JONG | ![]() |
JONG |
Youth politics | Centre | Jaron Tichelaar | — | — | — | |
LDP | ![]() |
Liberal Democratic Party (LibDem) Liberaal Democratische Partij |
Social liberalism | Centre | Sammy van Tuyll | — | — | — | |
LP | ![]() |
Libertarian Party Libertaire Partij |
Right-libertarianism | Right-wing | Robert Valentine | EPIL | LI | [46] | |
NLB | NLBeter | Public sector interests | Centre | Esther van Fenema | — | — | — | ||
PSP | Pacifist Socialist Party '92 Pacifistisch Socialistische Partij '92 |
Pacifism | Left-wing | Vacant | — | — | — | ||
PvdR | Party for the Republic Partij voor de Republiek |
Republicanism | Centre | Bruno Braakhuis | — | — | — | ||
PDNM | Party The New Human Partij De Nieuwe Mens |
Spiritual left[citation needed] | Centre-left[citation needed] | Niraï Melis & Raishrie Gajadin |
— | — | [47] | ||
PPNL | Pirate Party Piratenpartij |
Pirate politics | Syncretic | Matthijs Pontier | PPEU | PPI | [48] | ||
SPL | Splinter | Social liberalism | Centre-left | Femke Merel van Kooten | — | — | — | ||
DB | The Base De Basis |
Universal basic income | Centre-left | Dennis Rosenbaum | — | — | — | ||
DFP | The Party Party De Feestpartij |
Joke Party | Syncretic | Johan Vlemmix | — | — | — | ||
DG | ![]() |
The Greens De Groenen |
Green politics | Centre | Otto ter Haar | — | — | — | |
TON | Proud of the Netherlands Trots op Nederland |
Conservative liberalism | Right-wing | Sander van den Raadt | — | — | — | ||
UCF | Ubuntu Connected Front | Ubuntuism | Left-wing | Regillio Vaarnold | — | — | — | ||
NCPN | New Communist Party of the Netherlands Nieuwe Communistische Partij van Nederland |
Marxism–Leninism | Far-left | Rinze Visser | — | IMCWP | — | ||
VCP | United Communist Party Verenigde Communistische Partij |
Communism | Far-left | Engel Modderman | — | — | — |
Political party | Active in | Main ideology | Position | Leader | European affiliation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FNP | Frisian National Party Fryske Nasjonale Partij |
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Civic nationalism | Big tent[49] | Sijbe Knol | EFA | |
GB | Groninger Interest Groninger Belang |
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Regionalism | Centre | Bram Schmaal | — | |
OPNH | Independent Politics NH Onafhankelijke Politiek NH |
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Regionalism | Centre | Jan-Jaap de Kloet | — | |
LB | Local Brabant Lokaal Brabant |
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Regionalism | Centre | Harold van den Broek | — | |
LL | Local Limburg Lokaal-Limburg |
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Regionalism | Centre | Raimond Franssen | — | |
PvhN | Party for the North Partij voor het Noorden |
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Regionalism | Centre | Dries Zwart | — | |
PvZ | Party for Zeeland Partij voor Zeeland |
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Regionalism | Centre | François Babijn | — | |
SL | Strong Local Drenthe Sterk Lokaal Drenthe |
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Regionalism | Centre | Alfred Schoenmaker | — |
Party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forza! | ![]() |
Forza! Netherlands Forza! Nederland |
Right-wing populism | Right-wing | Erik Vermeulen | |
HvDH | Heart for The Hague Hart voor Den Haag/Groep de Mos |
Conservative liberalism | Right-wing | Richard de Mos | ||
LR | ![]() |
Livable Rotterdam Leefbaar Rotterdam |
Fortuynism | Right-wing | Robert Simons | |
VSP | ![]() |
United Seniors Party Verenigde Senioren Partij |
Pensioners' interests | Single-issue politics | Vacant |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AWP | General Water Board Party Algemene Waterschapspartij |
Apoliticism | Syncretic | Ron van Megen | |
WN | Water Natuurlijk | Green politics | Centre-left | Peter Snoeren |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | Affiliation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American | Intl. | ||||||
PDB | Bonaire Democratic Party Partido Demokrátiko Boneriano |
Social democracy | Centre-left | Clark Abraham | — | — | |
UPB | Bonaire Patriotic Union Union Patriótiko Boneriano |
Christian democracy | Centre | James Kroon | ODCA | CDI | |
MPB | Bonaire People's Movement Movementu di Pueblo Boneriano |
Christian socialism | Centre | Elvis Tjin Asjoe | — | — | |
FSP | Social Progressive Front Frente Sosial Progresivo |
Social democracy | Centre-left | Robby Beukenboom | — | — |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | American affiliation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SLP | Saba Labour Party | Social democracy | Centre-left | Monique Wilson | — | |
WIPM | Windward Islands People's Movement | Christian democracy | Centre | Rolando Wilson | ODCA |
Political party | Main ideology | Position | Leader | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DP | Democratic Party | Christian democracy | Centre | Adelka Spanner | |
PLP | Progressive Labour Party | Social democracy | Centre-left | Rechelline Leerdam |