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Evx1 is a mammalian gene located downstream of the HoxA cluster, which encodes for a homeobox transcription factor. Evx1 is a homolog of even-skipped (eve), which is a pair-rule gene that regulates body segmentation in Drosophila.[1][2] The expression of Evx1 is developmentally regulated, displaying a biphasic expression pattern with peak expression in the primitive streak during gastrulation and in interneurons during neural development.[3][4] Evx1 has been shown to regulate anterior-posterior patterning during gastrulation by acting as a downstream effector of the Wnt and BMP signalling pathways.[4][5] It is also a critical regulator of interneuron identity.[6]

Despite a regulatory role in both of these processes, the Evx1 KO mouse is viable and displays no overt phenotype after birth.[4][6]

A divergent long non-coding RNA (Evx1as) is also expressed from the locus, which is temporally and spatially co-expressed with Evx1.[3][4][7] Evx1as does not have a function beyond that of Evx1 (in trans);[4] however, it has been shown to regulate Evx1 at the locus (in cis).[7]

References

  1. ^ Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane; Wieschaus, Eric (1980-10-30). "Mutations affecting segment number and polarity in Drosophila". Nature. 287 (5785): 795–801. Bibcode:1980Natur.287..795N. doi:10.1038/287795a0. PMID 6776413. S2CID 4337658.
  2. ^ Manoukian, A. S.; Krause, H. M. (1992-09-01). "Concentration-dependent activities of the even-skipped protein in Drosophila embryos". Genes & Development. 6 (9): 1740–1751. doi:10.1101/gad.6.9.1740. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 1355458.
  3. ^ a b Dinger, Marcel E.; Amaral, Paulo P.; Mercer, Tim R.; Pang, Ken C.; Bruce, Stephen J.; Gardiner, Brooke B.; Askarian-Amiri, Marjan E.; Ru, Kelin; Soldà, Giulia (2008-09-01). "Long noncoding RNAs in mouse embryonic stem cell pluripotency and differentiation". Genome Research. 18 (9): 1433–1445. doi:10.1101/gr.078378.108. ISSN 1088-9051. PMC 2527704. PMID 18562676.
  4. ^ a b c d e Bell, Charles C.; Amaral, Paulo P.; Kalsbeek, Anton; Magor, Graham W.; Gillinder, Kevin R.; Tangermann, Pierre; Lisio, Lorena di; Cheetham, Seth W.; Gruhl, Franziska (2016-05-26). "The Evx1/Evx1as gene locus regulates anterior-posterior patterning during gastrulation". Scientific Reports. 6: 26657. Bibcode:2016NatSR...626657B. doi:10.1038/srep26657. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4880930. PMID 27226347.
  5. ^ Kalisz, Mark; Winzi, Maria; Bisgaard, Hanne Cathrine; Serup, Palle (2012-02-01). "EVEN-SKIPPED HOMEOBOX 1 controls human ES cell differentiation by directly repressing GOOSECOID expression". Developmental Biology. 362 (1): 94–103. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.11.017. PMID 22178155.
  6. ^ a b Moran-Rivard, Laura; Kagawa, Tetsushi; Saueressig, Harald; Gross, Michael K.; Burrill, John; Goulding, Martyn (2001-02-01). "Evx1 Is a Postmitotic Determinant of V0 Interneuron Identity in the Spinal Cord". Neuron. 29 (2): 385–399. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00213-6. ISSN 0896-6273. PMID 11239430.
  7. ^ a b Luo, Sai; Lu, J. Yuyang; Liu, Lichao; Yin, Yafei; Chen, Chunyan; Han, Xue; Wu, Bohou; Xu, Ronggang; Liu, Wei (2016-05-05). "Divergent lncRNAs Regulate Gene Expression and Lineage Differentiation in Pluripotent Cells". Cell Stem Cell. 18 (5): 637–652. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.01.024. ISSN 1934-5909. PMID 26996597.
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