 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Estonian on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Estonian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Estonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Estonian.
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Diphthongs[edit]
| Vowel | ɑ | e | i | o | u |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ɑ | ɑe̯ | ɑi̯ | ɑo̯ | ɑu̯ | |
| e | eɑ̯ | ei̯ | eo̯ | (eu̯) | |
| i | (iɑ̯) | (ie̯) | (io̯) | iu̯ | |
| o | oɑ̯ | oe̯ | oi̯ | ou̯ | |
| u | (uɑ̯) | (ue̯) | ui̯ | uo̯ | |
| ɤ | ɤɑ̯ | ɤe̯ | ɤi̯ | ɤo̯ | ɤu̯ |
| æ | æe̯ | æi̯ | æo̯ | æu̯ | |
| ø | øɑ̯ | øe̯ | øi̯ | (øo) | (øu) |
| y | yɑ̯ | (ye̯) | yi̯ | (yo̯) |
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b [f] and [ʃ] occur only in loanwords; the latter is replaced by [s] by many speakers.
- ^ a b c d Palatalized consonants [tʲ nʲ sʲ lʲ] are pronounced like their non-palatalized counterparts, but the tongue is constricted towards the hard palate as if a simultaneous /j/ were being pronounced.
- ^ Allophone of /n/ before [k].
- ^ a b c Estonian has a three-way contrast between short, long, and overlong syllables. This contrast is present on both consonants and vowels. In some IPA transcriptions long sounds are marked with a single IPA length marker /ː/ and overlong with two /ːː/, while other transcriptions use half-long /ˑ/ and long /ː/ respectively. Overlong syllables also feature a falling pitch contour, while short and long syllables have a level pitch; however this is not marked.
- ^ From Asu & Teras (2009:370)
References[edit]
- Asu, Eva Liina; Teras, Pire (2009), "Estonian" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39 (3): 367–372, doi:10.1017/s002510030999017x