 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Breton on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Breton in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Breton language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Breton dialects for a more thorough discussion of regional variation.
| Consonants | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| b | bag | best |
| x | sac'h | roughly like loch in Scottish English |
| ɣ | troc'hañ | Spanish agua |
| d | don | doe |
| f | fri | face |
| ɡ | gad | got |
| h | had | hot |
| ʒ | jot | measure |
| k | kazh | scan |
| l | lann | lean |
| ʎ | kuilh | roughly like million |
| m | mab | mother |
| n | noz | need |
| ŋ | anken | camping |
| ɲ | kignez | roughly like canyon |
| p | per | spouse |
| r | roue | trilled r |
| ʁ | roughly like loch (Scottish English) 'but voiced, like gh in Scottish Gaelic' | |
| s | skol | sack |
| ʃ | sachañ | shine |
| t | tal | sty |
| v | aval | view |
| z | azen | zeal |
| Semivowels | ||
| j | yod | yet |
| w | gwenn | wet |
| ɥ | kuit | like a simultaneous wet and yet |
| Vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| monophthongs | ||
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| a | kas | trap |
| ɑː | tad | bra |
| e | boest | hey |
| eː | per | |
| ɛ | gell | best |
| ɛː | berr | red |
| i | pik | see |
| iː | biz | bee |
| o | pok | go |
| oː | dor | law (RP and Australian) |
| ɔ | korn | off |
| ɔː | torr | dog |
| y | butun | roughly like Scottish shoot |
| yː | uvel | roughly like Scottish shoes, like German über |
| ə | ebeul (regional) | roughly like bird (RP) (no r-colouring) |
| ø | peulvan | roughly like bird (no r-colouring) |
| øː | eur | roughly like herd (no r-colouring), like German schön |
| œ | feurm | roughly like hurt (no r-colouring), like French neuf |
| u | toull | too |
| uː | tour | pool |
| Nasals | ||
| ã | amzer | roughly like on (American English), nasalized [ɒ] or [ɑ]. rendez-vous |
| ãː | anat | |
| ẽ | renk | |
| ẽː | enez | |
| ɛ̃ | peñs | roughly like man (RP); nasalized [æ] or [ɛ] |
| ɛ̃ː | eñvor | |
| ĩ | biñs | |
| ĩ | fiñval | like Hindi नहीं |
| ɔ̃ | tonn | roughly like bone (American English); nasalized [o] or [ɔ] |
| ɔ̃ː | ton | |
| ỹ | puñs | |
| ỹː | unan | |
| œ̃ | feunteun | |
| œ̃ː | deun | |
| Diphthongs | ||
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| ai | eye | |
| oi | boy | |
| ɔʊ | botoù | follow |
| ei | eil | ray |
| au | glav | house |
| ɔu | paour | follow |
| eu | bev | eh-oo or ey-oo |
| wɑ | koad | roughly like water |
| we | boued | roughly like way |
| ɥi | skuizh | roughly like we |
| iu | liv | ee-oo |
Voiced and voiceless alternations[edit]
| Voiceless | /p/ | /f/ | /t/ | /s/ | /ʃ/ | /k/ | /x/ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiced | /b/ | /v/ | /d/ | /z/ | /ʒ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ/ |