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 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Mandarin on Wikipedia.It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Mandarin in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. | |
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Mandarin
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Mandarin pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see ((IPA-cmn)), ((IPAc-cmn)) and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Standard Chinese phonology for more detail on the sounds of Mandarin Chinese.
|
Vowels
|
IPA |
Pinyin |
Wade–Giles |
Bopomofo |
Chinese example |
English approximation
|
a
|
a
|
ㄚ,ㄢ,ㄤ
|
阿,安,盎
|
car
|
er
|
êrh
|
ㄦ
|
二,兒(儿)
|
ɛ~æ
|
yan/-ian
|
yen/-ien
|
ㄧㄢ
|
言
|
set or sat
|
yuan/-üan
|
ㄩㄢ
|
元
|
e
|
ye/-ie, yue/-üe
|
eh
|
ㄝ
|
也,月
|
hey
|
ə
|
en,[d] eng
|
ên, êng
|
ㄣ,ㄥ
|
本,冷
|
atop
|
ɚ
|
er
|
êrh
|
ㄦ
|
二,兒(儿)
|
fern[e]
|
ɤ
|
e
|
ê / o[f]
|
ㄜ
|
厄
|
between boot and but
|
i
|
yi/-i
|
ㄧ
|
李
|
city
|
o
|
wo/-uo[g]/-ou
|
o[h]
|
ㄛ
|
果,狗
|
go, but without lip rounding
|
ɻ̩
|
zhi, chi, shi, ri
|
ih
|
ㄭ[i]
|
之,吃,師(师),日
|
Below, but with tongue curled or pulled back[j]
|
ɹ̩
|
zi, ci, si
|
ŭ
|
子,次,私
|
roses, cousin
|
u
|
wu/-u
|
ㄨ
|
土
|
cool
|
ʊ
|
-ong
|
-ung
|
ㄨㄥ,ㄩㄥ
|
冬,用
|
book
|
y
|
yu/-ü[c]
|
yü/-ü
|
ㄩ
|
雨
|
beet, but with the lips rounded as for boot
|
Diphthongs
|
aɪ
|
ai
|
ㄞ
|
艾
|
time
|
aʊ
|
ao
|
ㄠ
|
凹
|
somewhat like out
|
eɪ
|
ei[d]
|
ㄟ
|
杯
|
face
|
oʊ
|
ou[d]
|
ㄡ
|
歐(欧)
|
show
|
Tones
|
IPA |
Pinyin |
Wade–Giles |
Bopomofo |
Chinese example |
Tone number |
Description
|
á
|
ā
|
a1
|
ㄚ
|
巴/bā
|
tone 1
|
high level [˥]
|
ǎ
|
á
|
a2
|
ㄚˊ
|
拔/bá
|
tone 2
|
mid rising [˧˥]
|
à
|
ǎ
|
a3
|
ㄚˇ
|
把/bǎ
|
tone 3
|
medially, low [˩]; initially, mid falling [˧˩]; finally, low rising [˩˧]; in isolation, dipping [˧˩˧]
|
â
|
à
|
a4
|
ㄚˋ
|
爸/bà
|
tone 4
|
high falling [˥˩]
|
a
|
a
|
a0
|
˙ㄚ
|
吧/ba
|
tone 0 or 5 (toneless)
|
mid [˧] after all tones but 4, where it is low [˩]
|
Note: Pinyin uses the same diacritics as IPA but with different values.
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