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ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.067 |
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Formula | C10H15NO2 |
Molar mass | 181.235 g·mol−1 |
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Oxilofrine (also known as methylsynephrine, hydroxyephrine, oxyephrine, and 4-HMP) is a substituted phenethylamine stimulant drug[3] chemically related to ephedrine and to synephrine.
Oxilofrine is currently a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited substance when used in competition.[4] It has been found as an adulterant in some dietary supplements.[5][6] Even after receiving warning letters from the FDA,[7] some sports and weight loss supplement companies continue to use oxilofrine as an undeclared ingredient in their products despite it being prohibited.[8]
Oxilofrine was originally developed in the 1930s as a cardiac stimulant. Trade names included Suprifen (Bayer) and, combined with an adenosine-containing standardized organ extract, Carnigen (Hoechst AG).[5]
In combination with normethadone, it was marketed as a cough suppressant under the trade name Ticarda. As of 2021, this formulation was still manufactured in Canada by Valeant and sold as Cophylac.[9]
Several other stimulants and vasodilators were developed as chemical derivatives of oxilofrine, such as buphenine.[10][11]
Several doping cases involving oxilofrine have been publicized, including:
Phenethylamines |
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Amphetamines |
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Phentermines |
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Cathinones |
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Phenylisobutylamines | |
Phenylalkylpyrrolidines | |
Catecholamines (and close relatives) |
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Miscellaneous |
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