Oroqen | |
---|---|
Native to | China |
Region | Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang |
Ethnicity | Oroqen |
Native speakers | 1,200 (2009)[1] |
Tungusic
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | orh |
Glottolog | oroq1238 |
ELP | Oroqen |
Oroqen (/ˈɒrətʃɛn, ˈɒroʊ-/; also known as Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun or Ulunchun) is a Northern Tungusic language spoken in the People's Republic of China. Dialects are Gankui and Heilongjiang. Gankui is the standard dialect.[1] It is spoken by the Oroqen people of Inner Mongolia (predominantly the Oroqin Autonomous Banner) and Heilongjiang in Northeast China.
Since the 1980s, Oroqen-language materials were produced by teachers in Oroqen-speaking areas. They based the language's orthography either on IPA or Pinyin. A majority of Oroqen speakers use Chinese as a literary language and some also speak Daur.
Oroqen is spoken in the following counties of China:[1]
The Gankui dialect is used as the standard dialect for the Oroqen language.
Labial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | |
voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ||
Fricative | ɸ | ʃ | x ~ [ɣ] ~ [h] | |||
Rhotic | r | |||||
Approximant | l | j | w |
Front | Central | Back | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
High | i iː | y | u uː | |
Near-high | ɪ ɪː | ʊ ʊː | ||
High-mid | eː | ə əː | o oː | |
Low-mid | ɛː | ɔ ɔː | ||
Low | ɑ ɑː |