County-level & Sub-prefectural city in Hubei, People's Republic of China
Tianmen (simplified Chinese: 天门; traditional Chinese: 天門; pinyin: Tiānmén; lit. 'sky gate') is a sub-prefecture-level city (sometimes considered a county-level city) in central Hubei Province, China.
It is on the Jianghan Plain, on the west side of Wuhan (the biggest city of Central China, as well as the capital of Hubei) and the east of Jingzhou (a famous city in Chinese history). Formerly known as Jingling (竟陵), it was renamed to Tianmen in 1726 during the Qing dynasty. The name comes from the Sky Gate Mountains (meaning “tianmen” in Chinese) which lie northwest of the city.[2]
It is the hometown of Lu Yu, the writer of The Classic of Tea, who is respected as "the Sage of Tea" for his contribution to the tea culture. Tianmen has the largest population among the same-level cities in Central China. It was honoured "National Civilized City" by Chinese government in 2014.
Ancient history
Prehistoric ancient settlements in the Tianmen area existed at least 7,000 to 8,000 years ago as evidenced by Shijiahe neolithic tribal ruins which include recent discoveries of stone (jade) devices, pottery, bone, mussels, as well as bronze articles and other artifacts, such as those in the original Tao Zu patrilineal cultural heritage period.[2]
Geography
Map including Tianmen (labeled as T'IEN-MEN (walled) 天門) (1953)
Administrative divisions
Tianmen administers:[3][4]
| # |
Name |
Chinese (S)
|
| Subdistricts
|
| 1 |
Jingling Sundistrict |
竟陵街道
|
| 2 |
Qiaoxiang Subdistrict |
侨乡街道 (天门经济开发区)
|
| 3 |
Yanglin Subdistrict |
杨林街道
|
| Towns
|
| 4 |
Duobao Town |
多宝镇
|
| 5 |
Tuoshi Town |
拖市镇
|
| 6 |
Zhanggang Town |
张港镇
|
| 7 |
Jiangchang Town |
蒋场镇
|
| 8 |
Wangchang [zh] Town |
汪场镇
|
| 9 |
Yuxin Town (Yü-hsin-ho) |
渔薪镇
|
| 10 |
Huangtan Town |
黄潭镇
|
| 11 |
Yuekou Town |
岳口镇
|
| 12 |
Henglin Town |
横林镇
|
| 13 |
Pengshi Town |
彭市镇
|
| 14 |
Mayang Town |
麻洋镇
|
| 15 |
Duoxiang Town |
多祥镇
|
| 16 |
Ganyi Town |
干驿镇
|
| 17 |
Mawan Town |
马湾镇
|
| 18 |
Lushi Town |
卢市镇
|
| 19 |
Xiaoban Town |
小板镇
|
| 20 |
Jiuzhen Town |
九真镇
|
| 21 |
Zaoshi Town |
皂市镇
|
| 22 |
Hushi Town |
胡市镇
|
| 23 |
Shijiahe[5][6] Town (formerly Shihe) |
石家河镇 (formerly 石河镇)
|
| 24 |
Fozishan Town |
佛子山镇
|
| Townships
|
| 25 |
Jingtan Township |
净潭乡
|
| Other Areas
|
| 26 |
Tianmen Industrial Park |
天门工业园
|
| 27 |
Jianghu Farm |
蒋湖农场
|
| 28 |
Baimaohu Farm |
白茅湖农场
|
| 29 |
Chenhu Committee |
沉湖管委会
|
Climate
| Climate data for Tianmen (1981–2010 normals)
|
| Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
| Record high °C (°F)
|
20.4
(68.7)
|
27.2
(81.0)
|
31.5
(88.7)
|
33.9
(93.0)
|
36.1
(97.0)
|
37.5
(99.5)
|
38.8
(101.8)
|
39.7
(103.5)
|
37.2
(99.0)
|
34.3
(93.7)
|
29.2
(84.6)
|
22.7
(72.9)
|
39.7
(103.5)
|
| Average high °C (°F)
|
8.1
(46.6)
|
10.7
(51.3)
|
15.2
(59.4)
|
21.9
(71.4)
|
27.0
(80.6)
|
30.0
(86.0)
|
32.4
(90.3)
|
32.2
(90.0)
|
28.4
(83.1)
|
23.0
(73.4)
|
16.9
(62.4)
|
10.7
(51.3)
|
21.4
(70.5)
|
| Daily mean °C (°F)
|
4.1
(39.4)
|
6.6
(43.9)
|
10.7
(51.3)
|
17.2
(63.0)
|
22.4
(72.3)
|
25.9
(78.6)
|
28.5
(83.3)
|
27.9
(82.2)
|
23.7
(74.7)
|
18.1
(64.6)
|
12.0
(53.6)
|
6.3
(43.3)
|
17.0
(62.5)
|
| Average low °C (°F)
|
1.0
(33.8)
|
3.3
(37.9)
|
7.2
(45.0)
|
13.4
(56.1)
|
18.5
(65.3)
|
22.5
(72.5)
|
25.4
(77.7)
|
24.6
(76.3)
|
20.1
(68.2)
|
14.5
(58.1)
|
8.3
(46.9)
|
2.9
(37.2)
|
13.5
(56.3)
|
| Record low °C (°F)
|
−12.7
(9.1)
|
−6.4
(20.5)
|
−1.9
(28.6)
|
1.5
(34.7)
|
8.6
(47.5)
|
12.9
(55.2)
|
18.9
(66.0)
|
16.2
(61.2)
|
10.3
(50.5)
|
2.1
(35.8)
|
−3.0
(26.6)
|
−10.6
(12.9)
|
−12.7
(9.1)
|
| Average precipitation mm (inches)
|
37.8
(1.49)
|
51.6
(2.03)
|
74.1
(2.92)
|
117.7
(4.63)
|
150.8
(5.94)
|
169.0
(6.65)
|
180.5
(7.11)
|
117.6
(4.63)
|
70.6
(2.78)
|
79.6
(3.13)
|
55.3
(2.18)
|
26.3
(1.04)
|
1,130.9
(44.53)
|
| Average relative humidity (%)
|
74
|
74
|
75
|
76
|
74
|
78
|
80
|
80
|
76
|
75
|
74
|
72
|
76
|
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[7]
|
